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  1. 4 Studia Ekonomiczne

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  1. 4 Barczyński A.

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Aktywizacja zawodowa osób niepełnosprawnych w przekroju terytorialnym

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Barczyński A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2013
|
vol. 134
41-48
EN
The Polish system of vocational rehabilitation works on the basis of the four following forms of participation and employment for people with disabilities: occupational therapy workshops, professional activity facilities, sheltered workshops and the open labor market. Each of these forms may use financial support in form of grants and refunds, which are by law different as to the amount and extent. Expectations differ as well as to the effects of rehabilitation. One can expect the support system will, in a particular way, give priority to creating conditions for effective rehabilitation and work in proportion to the degree of disability and its severity. Do the solutions in place meet these conditions? For 20 years of functioning, the current system has been subject to many changes, especially in the financial area. The current direction of evolution of the system leads to the question about its effectiveness and efficiency both at national level and at the level of voivodships. The purpose of the article is to analyze the effectiveness of the systemic solutions implemented in Poland in the scope of vocational activation of people with disabilities. The analysis conducted at the voivodship level covers assessment of the various effects of actions taking into account the level of unemployment and labor force participation rate of persons with disabilities, the number of entities participating in the system (sheltered workshops, professional activity facilities, occupational therapy workshops), the total population labor activity and structure of the entities participating in the system. The results of analysis lead to the conclusion that the real values of indicators characterizing economic activity of people with disabilities differ from the model values taken as assumptions for objectives of the declared public policy, and lead to questions about the effectiveness of support tools and pertinence of the directions of change.
2
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Zmiany regulacji prawnych na rynku pracy osób niepełnosprawnych

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Barczyński A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2014
|
vol. 167
127-138
EN
Economic and political transformations, that took place in Poland in the early 90's, significantly affected conditions in the labour market of people with disabilities. Companies employing disabled people, when operating in the system of professional activation of disabled, became a participant of competitive economy. New solutions in the field of social policy for the activation of disabled people include the mechanisms of economic support through the co-financing and refunds. The open labour market has become the declared target area of employment for people with disabilities. The aim of protected labour market was to develop towards the employment, in particular, of people whose type and degree of disability restricts reasonable opportunity to work on the open market. The analysis of effectiveness of system solutions and used economic support tools permits to conclude, that the real picture of accupational activity differs from the model and effects of implemented corrections are different from assumptions and expectations. Effective from January 1st, 2009, the amendment of basic legal act on the shape of professional activation system that is the Act on Social and Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment of Disabled, results, inter alia, in the lack of connection between the nominal amount of financial support and the amount of gross wages and the significant approximation of grants amount for disabled people employed in the open and protected labour market (since January 1st, 2013 there will be the alignment). Legal restrictions on the financing system in the current form of vocational activation system of disabled act in the antimotivational way on the employment of people with disabilities in protected working conditions - for those people this form of employment should be particularly open. It seems necessary to create conditions for sheltered employment and social rehabilitation of disabled people to be implemented in organizations that mission and goals are not aimed at achieving business results ("non-profit" organizations, public benefit organizations, associations, foundations, organizations running public benefit activity).
3
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Zatrudnienie chronione osób niepełnosprawnych na konkurencyjnym rynku pracy

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Barczyński A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
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2014
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vol. 196
73-82
EN
After over 20 years of experience, there is a right to ask about the level of compliance of system's assumptions for the professional activation of disabled people resulting from the state social policy with real effects. In particular, there should be evaluated organizational solutions concerning sheltered employment. The study presents the effects of realization of sheltered employment by economic entities operating in a market economy. The analysis of the process of change in the functioning of protected employment system in the context of changes in the rules of its financing permits us to conclude, that for people managing supported employment enterprises more important are the economic effects of financial support in a competitive market than social aims, and the system is more favourable to the development of entrepreneurship in general than to solving social problems. At the same time, the analysis of employment at the level of provinces reveals the glaring disparities in the availability of people with disabilities for sheltered employment. This condition reinforces the conclusions on the need for radical changes in the rules of the sheltered employment functioning.
4
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Zasady finansowania barierą rozwoju terapii zajęciowej osób z niepełnosprawnościami

100%
Barczyński A.
Studia Ekonomiczne
|
2016
|
vol. 258
233-244
PL
Warsztaty terapii zajęciowej z założenia powinny stanowić istotny element systemu stwarzający niepełnosprawnym, niezdolnym do podjęcia pracy, możliwość rehabilitacji społecznej i zawodowej w zakresie pozyskiwania lub przywracania umiejętności niezbędnych do podjęcia zatrudnienia. Analiza liczby warsztatów terapii zajęciowej na poziomie województw z uwzględnieniem liczby mieszkańców wskazuje na istotną nierównomierność ich lokalizacji i skłania do stwierdzenia, że obecny stan i kierunki zmian nie mają charakteru racjonalnych rozwiązań systemowych. Wykazana ograniczona i zróżnicowana dostępność osób niepełnosprawnych do terapii zajęciowej oraz analiza dynamiki zmian w tym zakresie stanowi inspirację do pytania o przyczyny takiej sytuacji. Uprawnione jest postawienie tezy, że przyczyny mają charakter ekonomiczny. Znacząca część publikacji poświęcona jest aktualnym relacjom między stanem systemu a zasadami jego finansowania na poziomie samorządu terytorialnego. Prezentowane są również autorskie propozycje nowelizacji algorytmu rozdziału środków finansowych na rehabilitację osób niepełnosprawnych, a dyskusja nad nimi może być impulsem do poprawy w kategoriach rozwiązań systemowych.
EN
The aim of the publication is to diagnose the real situation of vocational rehabilitation workshops in the system of social and vocational rehabilitation which has operated in Poland since 1991. Therapy workshops are supposed to be an important element of the system providing to the people with disabilities, unable to work, the possibility of social and vocational rehabilitation allowing them to acquire or regain skills necessary for employment. Analysis of the number of occupational therapy workshops at the level of provinces, taking into account the population, shows a significant irregularity of their location and leads to the conclusion that the current state and trends do not constitue a set of rational system solutions. The limited and varying availability of occupational therapy for people with disabilities demonstrated in the publication, as well as analysis of the dynamics of change in this field, have inspired questions about the reasons of such a situation. It is justified to put forward a thesis that the causes are of economic nature. A significant part of the publication is devoted to the relation between the current state of system and the principles of its funding at the level of the local government. Moreover the publication presents author’s own proposals related to amendment of the algorithm of allocation of funds for the rehabilitation of disabled persons. Discussion over the proposals could be an impetus for possible improvement in terms of system solutions.
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