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System partyjny Ukrainy od Pomarańczowej rewolucji do Euromajdanu . Perspektywa instytucjonalno-prawna

100%
Lechowicz P.
Przegląd Zachodni
|
2016
|
issue 1(358)
133-150
EN
In the process of democratic transformation, the creation of political parties and development of a party system are essential aspects of building a new political order. Therefore, the shaping of a party system which enables free competition between political parties affects the functioning of the political system as a whole. In the case of post-soviet Ukraine, stabilization of democratic rivalry, which is the core of an institutionalized party system, is hampered by permanent changes in the constitution and electoral system. The progress of Ukraine’s democratization from 2004 to 2013 is very often referred to as both revolutionary and evolutionary. And violent political changes exert an impact on the triad: transformation of political regime, electoral systems and institutionalization of political parties. All three ultimately determine the institutionalization of the entire party system on the path to democratic consolidation. It can be observed that the conflict in Eastern Ukraine has impeded this process. Despite a dynamic development of the present political situation, previous experience helps us to predict the implications of the currently implemented systemic solutions
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Kohabitacja a trwałość gabinetów koalicyjnych w Polsce po 1991 roku

63%
Banaś M., Lechowicz P.
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
|
2015
|
issue 4(13)
5-24 (20)
EN
In relation to the systemic transformation, which began in Poland in 1989, there was a need to define a new political regime. Eventually it was decided to settle upon a system of government which is characterised by the duality of executive power exercised by the President, as well as Prime Minister and the government accountable to parliament. This element of the political regime creates the potential for cohabitation – an inher-ently conflictual phenomena which can have many negative consequences. One of them is the possibility of its negative impact on the duration of the coalition cabinet. In this article, we intend to test the hypothesis, according to which the phenomenon of cohabitation has a negative impact on coalition governments through the reduc-tion of their duration. The aticle consists of four parts. The first briefly characterizes the evolution of the Polish political regime, highlighting the potential for cohabita-tion which is created by the dual structure of executive – the permanent element of Polish system of government. In the second part we explain the concepts of the cabinet government and the coalition. In the third section we describe coalition gov-ernments formed in Poland in the years 1991–2014 and the phenomenon of cohabitation occurring during their lifetime. In the fourth part we examine the impact of cohabitation on the duration of coalition governments in Poland. The conclusions of the analysis are presented at the end.
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