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SÍDLISKÁ Z 8. STOROČIA NA JUHOZÁPADNOM SLOVENSKU ŠAĽA II, ÚĽANY NAD ŽITAVOU, PAVLOVÁ

100%
Odler M., Kolník T.
Študijné zvesti
|
2011
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issue 50
101 - 220
EN
The long-standing hypothesis about absence or low number of the settlements comparing them with burial grounds from the period of Avar Khaganate is no longer acceptable regarding to the results of recent research and excavations. While the settlement of Avar Khaganate period in Slovakia was the sole case in the 1930’s, number of new settlements has increased during the course of three or four decades by archaeological excavations. Ten settlement sites were known in 1988. Currently, the corpus of settlements from Slovakia contains 28 items with excavated features from the period of Avar Khaganate; other seven sites were found by surveys. The large corpuses are the most important. The aim of the present study is publication of features and material culture from the sites of Šaľa II (district of Šaľa), Úľany nad Žitavou and Pavlová (both in the Nové Zámky district). Publication of the corpuses widens the archaeological sources for the period of the 8th century AD. The settlements had no convincing traits of the status differences among the features or indications of their hierarchy, although the social stratification is observed in the Avar burial grounds. The sites with higher number of habitable features appear to be a dispersed form of settlement with several clusters of features. The excavated settlements have shown that settlement forms in the period of Avar Khaganate do not differ significantly from Slavic rural settlements. This is not the evidence of the “Slavic ethnicity” of the forms of settlements (probably only the evidence of origin of some phenomena in Slavic milieu), but only a confirmation of similar or identical economic interrelations in the rural settlement structure. The traits from the settlement sites are evidence of the identical economic basis for the existence of Avar and Great Moravian ruling elite. The overview of other sites from the south-western Slovakia shows that there was no general rule for the establishment or abandonment of the settlements in the break of the 8th and 9th centuries. The diachronic differences between the horizons of the 8th and 9th century’s pottery are not yet well defined and regional differences possibly occur.
2
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ARCHEOLOGICKÉ NÁLEZY K OSÍDLENIU BOHDANOVIEC NAD TRNAVOU A NIEKOĽKO POZNÁMOK K ČINNOSTI DETEKTORISTOV

100%
Kolník T., Mitáš V.
Študijné zvesti
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2012
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issue 51
35 - 74
EN
The paper brings information about an extensive set of archaeological finds of a pick-up character from the village Bohdanovce nad Trnavou (Trnava district) which contains, in addition to a small number of pottery fragments and iron products, a large amount of copper and bronze artefacts. They include, for example, fragments of a dirk from Early Bronze Age, coin ligature of Kapos type, torso of a brooch of joint construction and other artefacts from the La Tène period, a larger amount of coins and brooches, as well as military artefacts and ornamental fittings of furniture from the Roman period, remnants of artefacts from the migration of nations period, late Avar cast fittings and strap-ends, a considerable number of belt sets from the 13th – 14th centuries, numerous modern age artefacts and devotional objects. The authors believe that the rich occurrence of fragments of various bronze artefacts, bronze ligatures, lead weights and a serial occurrence of bronze buckles from Middle Ages indicate the existence of a jewellery workshop from High as well as Late Middle Ages in the site. The workshop of this kind could have existed here as early as in the Roman period. In addition to the description and analysis of the mentioned archaeological finds the paper is concerned with the problem of finds by detectorists. Addressing the problem is considered to be urgent by the authors!
3
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VČASNOSTREDOVEKÉ SÍDLISKO CÍFER-PÁC

100%
Odler M., Kolník T.
Študijné zvesti
|
2011
|
issue 50
47 - 100
EN
The features dated to the Early Mediaeval period were found during the excavations of the site Cífer, admin. part Pác (district Trnava). The site is situated on the slight elevation on the right bank of the brook Gidra, 140 metres over the sea level. The paper deals with the Early Mediaeval settlement of this poly-cultural site, well-known because of its Roman buildings. The catalogue of settlement features and finds is contained in the first part of the paper (two sunken-floor houses, one oven, 5 storage pits with the pear-shaped section, 22 pits of other shape). The analysis, evaluation and interpretation of the facts are contained in the second part of the paper. The burial ground with 119 graves was excavated nearby, with the evidence of the continuity from 8th to 9th century. This might be probable indication of the Slavic ethnicity of inhabitants, settled here in the period of Avar Khaganate. The publication of the finds from Cífer-Pác widens our knowledge about the settlement structure of the area. Another approached topic is the Early Mediaeval settlement over the remains of the Late Roman buildings.
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