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1
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Etyczne doktryny Kościoła i ich sprzeniewierzenie w mediach

100%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
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2007
|
issue 2
123-132
EN
Every man has to make moral (ethical) decisions, whether they are quite insignificant or are those discussed on the front pages of newspapers and on TV screens. One may refer to Plato here, who said millennia ago that instead of admiring wise philosophers people concentrate their attention on silver-tongued politicians and the promises they make. Ethics and morality can be treated as inextricable. Whereas morality concerns the realm of decisions and acts, however, ethics concerns our considerations of these acts. Truth is the most significant element related to the ethical and moral consideration of the media and the Church. In August 1993 Pope John Paul II published an encyclical letter Veritatis Splendor (The Splendor of Truth), where he presented ethical matters concerning truth. In the world of the media it is not always obvious what is meant by somebody speaking about truth. Arealistic expression of truth is provided by what is in agreement with the status quo that is independent from this truth. In this approach there is only one truth and it is decided by factual truth or falsity. This is the point of view the Church recognizes.
2
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Małgorzata Bogunia-Borowska, Reklama jako tworzenie rzeczywistości społecznej, Kraków 2004, ss. 161.

100%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
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2007
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issue 1
360-363
PL
abstrakt
3
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Europejska reklama i towarzysząca jej nienawiść

100%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
|
2010
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issue 2
109-116
EN
The paper concerns the rarely discussed subject of hate speech in advertising messages. Hate speech is primarily related to the issue of freedom of speech, which, however, is not absolute freedom. The scope of freedom of speech involves audiovisual statements and other forms of expression that may incite hatred, discrimination and violence against other groups. ECRI general recommendation no. 1 classifies such behaviors as criminal offences. Such statements acquire legal and penal status, provided that a certain act has been committed intentionally – dolus directus coloratus. Advertising discourse frequently forces us to treat others in an ignoble manner thus becoming a stimulus to violence.
4
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Ewolucja greckich środków społecznego przekazu, z uwzględnieniem komunikatu reklamowego

100%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
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2011
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issue 1
81-92
EN
In terms of the means of social communication, Greece is a unique country. Its media system has been significantly influenced by the culture and history of political and social relations. Radio and press emerged at a time of warfare and the struggle for independence, whereas television began and developed in the period of political conflict in the 20th century, which is still evident in Greek public television. Regulations concerning the media are not fully observed there. This also refers to the advertising messages broadcast mainly by private television channels. The EU legislation Greece adopted is not fully obeyed by the media, or the advertising industry either. The paper outlines the history and importance of the Greek mass media, the advertising policy of some television stations and also refers to large format advertising. It should be pointed out that the facts and conclusions presented by the author with reference to advertising messages and television come from the research he conducted in Greece from 2008 through 2010.
5
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Komunikacja w cyberprzestrzeni – dobrodziejstwo czy zagrożenie?

100%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
|
2016
|
issue 3
293-309
FR
L’utilisation du Web peut servir à de bonnes fins, mais aussi représenterune réelle menace. Naviguer sur la Toile a pour conséquence de rendre superficielle l’assimilation des informations, et les connaissances en général. La perte d’intensité du travail cérébral et de l’efficacité de la mémoire est due au fait que nous soulageons trop celle-ci de son travail en utilisant des médias numériques. L’une des plus importante menace du réseau est la cyber-violence. L’agressivité sur Internet est un phénomène très courant; c’est un comportement qui a pour seul objectif la douleur et la souffrance. Elle apparaît sous forme verbale ou de façon cachée. De plus, Internet est devenu un nouvel outil pour les sectes, qui se servent du réseau pour recruter de nouveaux membres. La dépendance à Internet peut aboutir à de nombreuses conséquences aussi bien psychologiques que physiologiques. Mais actuellement, la plus grande menace se trouve dans la protection de nos données, que nous devons utiliser pour surfer sur le Web. Chaque internaute possède un «droit à l’oubli», qui n’est pas respecté. Cet article soulève donc toutes sortes de questions relatives aux dangers que représente Internet.
EN
Cyberspace may serve a good purpose, but may also be a serious threat. Navigating cyberspace makes acquiring knowledge and skills superficial. The intensity of the brain’s activity and the readiness to memorize are reduced as memory is relieved on account of using digital media. One of the major threats in the network is cyberbullying. The Internet quite commonly features aggression, or behavior intended to cause pain and suffering, which takes both verbal and hidden forms. Moreover, the Internet is a tool of sects, which recruit new members through the network. Cyberspace addiction may lead to many psychological consequences as well. At present, protecting our data, which we use to move around in cyberspace turns out to pose a huge threat. Each user of these services is entitled to the “right to oblivion,” which is not respected. The paper addresses a wide range of issues related to the dangers of being in cyberspace.
PL
Korzystanie z cyberprzestrzeni może służyć dobrym celom, ale także być poważnym zagrożeniem. Poruszanie się w cyberprzestrzeni powoduje, że przyswajane wiadomości, jak i umiejętności są tylko powierzchowne. Zmniejszenie intensywności pracy mózgu oraz zatracanie gotowości do zapamiętywania jest spowodowane odciążaniem pamięci poprzez wykorzystywanie cyfrowych mediów. Jednym z poważniejszych zagrożeń w sieci jest cyberprzemoc. W Internecie dość częstym zjawiskiem jest agresja, czyli zachowanie, które ma sprawiać ból i cierpienie. Pojawia się w formie słownej, jak i ukrytej. Poza tym Internet staje się narzędziem sekt, które poprzez sieć werbują nowych członków. Uzależnienie od cyberprzestrzeni może prowadzić do wielu konsekwencji psychologicznych, jak i fizjologicznych. Obecnie dużym zagrożeniem okazuje się być sama ochrona naszych danych, których używać musimy do poruszania się w cyberprzestrzeni. Każdemu użytkownikowi tej sfery przysługuje wszak tzw. „prawo do zapomnienia”, które nie jest respektowane. Artykuł porusza więc wszelkiego rodzaju kwestie, odnoszące się do zagrożeń wynikających z przebywania w cyberprzestrzeni.
6
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Demokracja a państwo prawa

100%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
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2008
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issue 1
139-150
EN
The paper aims to demonstrate the meaning of the notions of democracy and a state of law in relation to the Constitution as the fundamental law. All these issues are related to the contemporary social and political situation of Poland and the European Union. It is observed that in the state of law, civic fredoms and rights are helpful in separating the public from the private. Democracy is the rule of the people who need to be headed by a direct ruler. The notions of the ‘state of law’ and ‘democracy’become mutually related to the Constution, referred to as the fundamental law. The paper shows the contemporary status of democracy, compared to the state of law, and it provokes the question whether we should lay our own foundations of democracy which wouldspond to our social and political reality.
7
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Rola służb specjalnych w demokratycznym państwie prawa

100%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
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2013
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issue 4
195-208
EN
The name of special services is applied to the civil and military services that organize and conduct intelligence and counterintelligence activities. Their operations are an element generating social and political trust between the political authorities and citizens. Given the current conditions of international relations and the international situation, a state is required to have efficient special services at its disposal. Anegative impact of globalization on state functioning, both in its external and internal dimensions, forces Polish special services to strengthen their fundamental function, that is providing information. The weakness of military intelligence and counterintelligence follows from the dissolution in 2000 of the Military Intelligence Services (WSI), and wasting their potential for political reasons. The role and task of special services in a democratic state should be to protect the liberty and democracy of the political system’s principles, as set out in the Constitution, instead of protecting particular interests. The nature of the transformations occurring in security circles in Poland and related globalization processes, as well as civilizational, cultural and technological changes and the emergence of a civil society, demand a different attitude to the special services to be taken both by the public authorities and society, and make changes in their functioning necessary. This also calls for the need for a theoretical interpretation of the operations of modern Polish special services in a democratic state of law.
PL
The name of special services is applied to the civil and military services that organize and conduct intelligence and counterintelligence activities. Their operations are an element generating social and political trust between the political authorities and citizens. Given the current conditions of international relations and the international situation, a state is required to have efficient special services at its disposal. Anegative impact of globalization on state functioning, both in its external and internal dimensions, forces Polish special services to strengthen their fundamental function, that is providing information. The weakness of military intelligence and counterintelligence follows from the dissolution in 2000 of the Military Intelligence Services (WSI), and wasting their potential for political reasons. The role and task of special services in a democratic state should be to protect the liberty and democracy of the political system’s principles, as set out in the Constitution, instead of protecting particular interests. The nature of the transformations occurring in security circles in Poland and related globalization processes, as well as civilizational, cultural and technological changes and the emergence of a civil society, demand a different attitude to the special services to be taken both by the public authorities and society, and make changes in their functioning necessary. This also calls for the need for a theoretical interpretation of the operations of modern Polish special services in a democratic state of law.  
8
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Maria Jarosz, Polska. Ale jaka?

75%
Grochowski R.
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
|
2006
|
issue 2
226-230
PL
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