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Chinese investment policy in Europe between 2011 and 2017. Challenges and threats to the security of European Union countries

100%
Paszak P.
Polish Journal of Political Science
|
2017
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vol. 3
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issue 4
7-29
EN
This paper aims to assess the impact of Chinese investments between 2011 and 2017 on the level of economic and political security of EU member countries. The size, structure and geographical concentration of the investments were subjected to an examination. In order to explain its underlying motivations and objectives, the author investigates the Chinese government’s strategies, links between the private sector and authorities as well as selected transactions. The results of the study indicate that Chinese investments, despite possible short-term benefits, in the long-term perspective lead to the weakening of the EU’s economic power and pose a challenge to political security. Technology transfer and the lack of reciprocity in the treatment of investors undermine the competitiveness of European economies and limit their development opportunities. Investments give Chinese companies access to strategic infrastructure and technologies that can be used by authorities to pursue their agenda. The expanding economic influences can also serve as an instrument of pressure on individual states to shape decision-making processes within the EU.
2
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China’s technological transformation and the future of Sino-American competition

100%
Paszak P.
Polish Journal of Political Science
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2019
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vol. 5
|
issue 2
87-116
EN
This article aims to explore the significance of China’s technological transformation for the future of the Sino-American superpower competition. It examines determinants, motivations, strategies, and policies introduced by the Chinese authorities with an aim to close the technological distance to the most advanced economies. The author also attempts to assess policy initiatives and efforts made by China in relation to its main economic rivals, particularly the United States. The paper concludes that technological transformation remains at the forefront of China’s development strategy, and its successful implementation will be the key to achieving the superpower status and effectively address domestic and international challenges. The article concludes that China has made a significant progress in some specific areas such as R&D expenditure, Global Innovation Index, ICT industry or patents. However, contrary to the Party’s bold rhetoric, reliance on foreign technology, especially on imported advanced machinery and semiconductors, has remained.
3
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Sino-Russian Partnership in the Face of Changing Balance of Power and Internal Barriers

100%
Paszak P.
Historia i Polityka
|
2019
|
issue 30 (37)
89-106
EN
The aim of this article is to describe and critically assess the main contentious issues in Sino-Russian relations and to explain how they affect the development of this relationship. First of all, the article examines the attitudes of China and Russia towards their relationship in the context of the changing distribution of power and increasing competition in Central Asia. Secondly, the influence of the collectively understood West on the dynamics of the Sino-Russian partnership is analyzed, with particular emphasis on the role of the United States. These applications are supplemented with an assessment of regional perception of relations in the Asia-Pacific region and a study of trade between two parties. The author does not limit himself to one methodological approach, drawing from the Balance of Threat Theory, the concept of security dilemma and analyzing political discourse and structure of bilateral trade. The results of the analysis indicate the existence of relatively permanent and significant barriers, suggesting that the Sino-Russian relations will not reach a higher level of intensity than is the case at present. The current form of cooperation enables both parties to pursue common interests without risking an assertive reaction from the United States. Only sudden and far-reaching changes, harmful to both countries, have a chance to bring about a convergence of China’s and Russia’s interests sufficient to create a fully operational alliance.
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