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EN
This article presents the work of interpreters in the trials before the National Supreme Tribunal established in Poland in 1946 to judge Nazi criminals after the Second World War. Based on archival sources of the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation, it presents for the first time the identities of the interpreters recruited for this unique tribunal in the history of the Polish judicial system as well as for the practice of conference and court interpreting in Poland. It examines the interpreting practices during seven multilingual and multicultural trials, where simultaneous interpreting was applied for the first time, and discusses the issues of trust and control over the interpreters involved in war crimes tribunals.
EN
In the last decade, attention in interpreting studies has focused on the issues of quality of interpretation and training of high qualifi ed interpreters. In view of changes taking place in the profession, the article presents different types of evaluation of the performance of students in interpreting as well as a new pedagogy based on an alternative model of assessment during the class of interpreting.
EN
It is extremely difficult to defie the concept of interpreting strategies from a theoretical (description of interpreting process), practical (performing interpreting task) or didactic point of view (teaching how to solve interpreting problems). We are as yet unable to explicitly distinguish the features of such strategies that are characteristic of interpreting. In many studies strategies are commonly referred to as methods, tactics, competences or norms in interpreting. The aim of the article is to present different classifications and taxonomies of interpreting strategies and to propose three strategies specific in interpreting, i.e. anticipation strategy which allows the interpreter to achieve simultaneous listening and speaking, condensation strategy which facilitates working under time pressure, while conveying complete information, and notation strategy which supports the interpreter's short-term memory.
FR
Les oeuvres de fiction – littéraires et cinématographiques – dans lesquelles apparaissent les traducteurs et les interprètes sont de plus en plus nombreuses. La présente communication s’inscrit dans le tournant en théorie de la traduction qui porte le nom de ‘fictional turn’ et qui postule que les oeuvres de fiction qui ont pour sujet la traduction et les traducteurs sont une source importante pour théoriser et développer la traductologie. Notre but est de vérifier dans quelle mesure les représentations littéraires et cinématographiques des traducteurs et interprètes peuvent être une source d’informations sur leur métier et aussi sur les temps dans lequels ces derniers sont/étaient amenés à vivre et exercer leur métier. Notre intention est de vérifier si les représentations des traducteurs et interprètes changent sous l’influence des connaissances de plus en généralisées sur la traduction et l’interprétation.
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