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Bohemistyka
|
2013
|
vol. 13
|
issue 4
266 - 285
EN
Toponymy of a given city does not only create space but also reflects its character, the excellent example being the street nomenclature in Brno since the street nomenclature reflects the rich and complicated history of this city. The semantics of the street names of Brno echoes the reality. It shows the important role of the historic-urban as well as social-political factors in forming these names. In the later period, it also shows the administrative-urban factors. The semantic classification allowed us to confirm all of the listed types of names of the streets in the system of names in Brno and to distinguish the characteristics of those names that were only proper to this city. Moreover, one can see that a number of elements cross in this scheme and sometimes it is difficult to differentiate them in an unambiguous way.
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Bohemistyka
|
2014
|
vol. 14
|
issue 3
203 - 215
EN
Professor Teresa Zofia Orłoś's unfinished article has become a stimulus to write this paper on polite forms in the Czech language. The polite forms onkání and onikání were mainly used in Czech in the 18th century. During the Czech Revival they were not included in the literary norm (the 2nd person pl., i.e. vykání is used), however, in everyday communication they have appeared for a long period of time. Today onikání is used as an element expressing irony or parody. In literature it is used as a means of stylization of heroes description, particularly characterizing simple people or Jews (e.g. in Jewish anecdotes). The lack of onkání and onikání in contemporary Czech shows that the norm of polite forms undergoes changes. It is not given for good.
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