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Theognis a sófrosyné

100%
Porubjak M.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2017
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vol. 65
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issue 5
659-671
EN
This article investigates the meanings of the term sophrosyne and its derivates in the Theognis’ poetry. The author identifies moderation in three basic contexts: 1) in the context of the individual as an ability to recognise and keep to the right measure in dealing with pain and pleasure – it is this ability that is the basis of a good relation to oneself and to others; 2) in the context of society, where moderation is a basic assumption of justice and prevents instability and political strife; 3) in the context of the world of the gods, which shows up human inadequacy, while moderation enables people to recognise this inadequacy and maintain moral integrity in the unstable human world.
2

PREDSTAVA ĽUDSKEJ PRIRODZENOSTI V THEOGNIDEI

100%
Porubjak M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2013
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vol. 68
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issue 4
276 – 284
EN
The article tries to sketch the notion of human nature in Theognidea. First, it shortly discusses the word φύσις in pre-classical literature, and then it turns to Theognidea to localize and interpret all occurrences of the verb φύω and the relevant occurrences of γίγνομαι. The author’s focus is on the “eugenic” and “didactic” tendencies of the Theognidea as well as on the main character of Theognidea – the young Cyrnus to compare him with the character of the poet as a spokesman playing the role of moral authority and Cyrnus’ mentor. Finally, the author tries to determine which of the notions of the human nature – “eugenic” or “didactic” – is crucial to Theognidea, and how the tension between them makes this question fruitful.
3

PLÓTINOVI CHLAPCI, MENÓNOV OTROK A ETICKÉ DILEMY

100%
Porubjak M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2014
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vol. 69
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issue 6
526 – 535
EN
The paper tries to answer the question why contemporary (Slovak) undergraduate students have difficulty with moral dilemmas. According to the author the reason is the lack of classical moral stories in their education. First, he takes as an example the Plotinus’ One (En. 3,2,8) and shows how his moral story, trivial at first glance, is carefully structured and leads to a non-trivial inference. Then author turns to famous Plato’s “slave boy passage” from Menoś dialogue (82b-86c) to point out how our understanding works. Finally the author tries to figure out how important the classical moral stories can be in developing our interpretation and decision making skills, and argues that student’s low ability of moral dilemmas of understanding is a consequence of the absence of clever moral stories in previous education.
4

TYRTAIOS A SOCIÁLNO-POLITICKÁ FUNKCIA RECIPROCITY

100%
Porubjak M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2012
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vol. 67
|
issue 1
35 – 46
EN
The paper tries to show the parallels between altruism and reciprocity as conceived in contemporary debate and the role of reciprocity in social and political life in ancient Greece at the turn of the 6th century B. C. A detailed analysis of Tyrtaeus’ poems as well as a close view on social, political and military systems and strategies serves to unveil the motivations for an altruistic behaviour the discrimination of so called “free riders”. Several key forms of the reciprocity in Tyrtaeus are discussed, the “furious valour” being of the highest value, and enabling to prize the “fairness” of the agents of the indirect reciprocal behaviour. Thus the social cohesion could be achieved not only through charitable altruism (as suggested by Titmuss), but also through many forms of indirect reciprocity found in Tyrtaeus.
5
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Criticism in Theognidea

100%
Porubjak M.
Folia Philosophica
|
2018
|
vol. 39
EN
This article focuses on the criticism in Theognidea. The most visible form of criticism is rooted in the social and political domain and is discussed in the first part of the article. The following part analyses more subtle and sophisticated forms of criticism by identifying Theognis’ use of irony and the peculiar message covered by his metaphors. The article concludes that the new poetical discourse of Theognidea contains a hidden but exact political message meant for a specific social community. This message was to be carefully considered, understood, and carried out. In this respect, Theognis is a philosophising poet using a high level of criticism and demanding the same from his audience.
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