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Several reasons why social anomie and political alienation may influence ethnocentric attitudes. The compensating role of authoritarian-paranoid beliefs

100%
Radkiewicz P.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2007
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vol. 38
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issue 1
5-14
EN
This article is an attempt to ascertain whether it is possible that a permanent experience of helplessness, senselessness and alienation from socio-political reality leads to an individual having ethnocentric attitudes. The supposition that there is a causal relation between the two phenomena would imply that people who feel lost and disoriented tend to have a strong sense of national identity. The empirical data used in the analyses was taken from a survey conducted among a nationwide representative sample of adult Poles (N=1522). The set of hierarchical regression analyses showed that the relations which were observed can be explained as being the effect of the joint operation of two separate mechanisms. Firstly, this is influenced partly by the fact that growing ethnocentrism and increasing anomie and alienation are common among elderly and poorly-educated people. The second mechanism consist of finding that people who experience feelings of socio-political senselessness and helplessness have a tendency to look for compensation in authoritarian-paranoid worldviews. It would seem that authoritarian-paranoid beliefs can be seen as being a mediator between social anomie and political alienation, on the one hand, and ethnocentric attitudes on the other.
2

THE RANGE OF INTERPERSONAL TRUST, BELIEFS ABOUT THE SOCIAL WORLD AND INDIVIDUAL SOCIAL EXPERIENCES. TWO KINDS OF TRUST AND THEIR ROLE IN A SOCIAL CAPITAL

63%
Skarzynska K., Radkiewicz P.
Kolokwia Psychologiczne (Psychological Colloquia)
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2007
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vol. 16
55-72
EN
A starting point of the analyses presented in this article is characteristic for Polish society low level of trust in people, which is accompanied by high level of declared social bonds with close and familiar people, especially with family. On a basis of results coming from nation-wide representative random sample (n = 891) authors show the following regularities: 1) trust in people and trust in familiars seem to be different and almost independent dimensions; 2) generalized trust in people is deeply rooted in social beliefs about the nature of human being and human relations; while trust in familiars is strongly rooted in positive interpersonal experiences and social bonds; 3) only trust in familiars seems to create social capital, i.e. is linked with institutional civic involvement.
3

GOOD FOR RELATIVES OR FOR A COMMUNITY? BENEVOLENCE AND UNIVERSALISM AS DETERMINANTS OF CIVIC ACTIVITY IN POLAND AND OTHER EUROPEAN COUNTRIES

63%
Radkiewicz P., Skarzynska K.
Psychological Studies
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2006
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vol. 44
|
issue 3
51-64
EN
The article concerns the analysis of relationships between personal values and civic activity. The main hypotheses claims that individual's involvement in civic activities is determined by universalism and benevolence - two types of prosocial values defined in the S. Schwartz's model of personal values. The authors made use of the data derived form large international research European Social Survey. The results show that civic activity in Europe has certain common denominator, which consists of competence, effectiveness and efficiency. In most of the national communities quite strong effects of universalism have been revealed; and merely in two cases it was an effect of benevolence (Poland, Germany). The authors point at an existence of dissimilar models of the civic participation emerging in advanced democracies and in postcommunist countries (including Poland). It consist in fact, that in advanced democracy model one of the most important predictors of civic activity is the level of universalistic values acceptance, while in postcommunist countries universalism turned out to be meaningless factor.
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