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EN
Museums of martyrdom operate on the sites of former Nazi concentration camps in Poland as memorials to the events of the Second World War. These institutions are part of the pedagogy of remembrance, which is an educational discipline connected with the theories of the German philosopher Theodor W. Adorno. The pedagogy of remembrance assumes that as a part of the didactic process, it is important not only to learn about atrocities, but above all to analyse their causes. The discussion and debate surrounding the pedagogy of remembrance have allowed this article to identity the correlation between its assumptions and the shaping of students’ attitudes as well as the development of skills included in the key competences. These competences are also referred to in a broader sense as competences of the future, as they are necessary for an individual to function properly in society. The aim of this article is therefore to clarify whether and how museums of martyrdom and the pedagogy of remembrance can foster the development of the skills defined as competences of the future. This article also attempts to indicate the museum activities and didactic methods that can be used by educators at places of remembrance in order to shape attitudes and develop key competencies.
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PL
Apteki w XIX wieku były miejscami, w którym można było zaopatrzyć się w różnego rodzaju medykamenty, dlatego należy je traktować jako placówki mające na celu ochronę zdrowia. W guberni płockiej istniały one już w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku, nie mniej jednak lata 1965-1915 należy traktować jako czas systematycznego rozbudowywania sieci aptekarskiej. Systematyczny wzrost liczby aptek jak i realizowanych w nich recept dowodzi postępującego upowszechnienia lecznictwa. Należy jednak zaznaczyć, że rozwój sieci aptekarskiej dokonał się, mimo niesprzyjających przepisów dotyczących otwierania aptek, ustalania taksy aptekarskiej i wykształcenia pracowników aptecznych. Podzielone, gubernialne środowisko farmaceutyczne i krzewiąca się w nim konkurencyjność również paraliżowały pracę na rzecz wspólnych interesów. Brak odpowiedniej infrastruktury medycznej i wadliwy system opieki medycznej zmuszał mieszkańców guberni płockiej do szukania ratunku u farmaceutów lub znachorów. Z uwagi więc na dystrybucję medykamentów leczniczych, apteki w latach 1865-1915 w guberni płockiej stanowiły ważne ogniwo w upowszechnianiu środków leczniczych i opieki medycznej.
EN
Pharmacies in 19th century were places where various medicaments could be found. Thus should be treated as health centres. There were such pharmacies in Plock governorate in the 19th century, nevertheless between 1965-1915 systematic expanding of the pharmacy network could be noticed. The growth of the pharmacy network and increasing number of prescripts implemented, prove the progression in the need for treatment. It is important to mention that the increase of pharmacy number happened despite unfavourable legislation concerning staring up a pharmacy, setting pharmacy tax or the education of pharmacists. The provincially divided pharmaceutical environment and growing competitiveness also paralysed the work on the common interest. Lack of the sufficient medical infrastructure and faulty health care system forced citizens of Plock governorate to look for help in quacks and pharmacists. Due to the distribution of medicines in years 1865-1915 in Plock governorate, pharmacies were important link in the dissemination of medicines and medical care.
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