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HYPOCORISTIC GIVEN NAMES OF CHINESE WOMEN

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Kaluzynska I.
Rocznik Orientalistyczny
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2008
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vol. 61
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issue 1
99-114
EN
The paper presents some classes of traditional and contemporary Chinese personal given names, i.e. hypocoristic given names. Hypocoristic given names, bestowed in order to express an affectionate or condescending attitude to the bearer, or simply because considered tender, intimate and beautiful, are predominantly associated with children and females. Chinese hypocoristic female names can be divided into two main categories, i.e. reduplicated names, in which reduplication serves as a formal marker of the 'diminutiveness', and hypocoristic names with various lexical markers of 'diminutiveness'. The underlying significance of the hypocoristic names and the embedded cultural background are revealed, and their structural, semantic and phonetic features are analysed. The investigation is mainly based upon the research material consisting of names of 2378 Chinese famous women born up to 1970, recorded in biographical dictionaries ('Dictionary'; ZRD) and 896 female students from Beijing Language and Culture University (BLCU) and Beijing Foreign Languages University (BFLU) in 2003.
2
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DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF NAMES WITHIN TRADITIONAL CHINESE PERSONAL NAMES

100%
Kaluzynska I.
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia
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2008
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issue 21
73-60
EN
The paper presents the history and rules of usage of a surname and 15 categories of given names and appellations occurring in the Chinese anthroponomy. A typical Chinese (Han nationality) personal name consists of a surname followed by a standard given name. This pattern of naming started in the very beginning of the Chinese civilization, although there were also other patterns of personal names, performing the function of identifying people according to their gender, status in family and society, and social or professional functions. The more important the status of a person, the more varied categories of names the person was bestowed on.
3
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FAMOUS WOMEN IN THE HISTORY OF CHINA

100%
Kaluzynska I.
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia
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2009
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issue 22
44-59
EN
The paper gives an insight into the system of values and preferences in the traditional patrilineal Chinese society, especially gender stereotypes, moral standards and expectations connected with women, their life roles and their social status. For more than 3000 years of the history of China women had held an inferior status in family and society, and they were mainly seen in the role of homemakers, dependent on their fathers, husbands or sons. In terms of female 'professional' or 'daily life' activities some various social-professional groups of women have been distinguished. These are: exemplary mothers, wives and daughters; imperial court ladies; singsong girls and prostitutes; Buddhist or Taoist nuns; women with outstanding achievements in various domains of intellectual, artistic or political activities. The investigation is based upon the research material consisting of biographical notes of 999 famous Chinese women, born in various periods of the history of China to approximately 1880, and selected from two Chinese biographical dictionaries.
4
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CHINESE REDUPLICATED GIVEN NAMES

100%
Kaluzynska I.
Acta Asiatica Varsoviensia
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2006
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issue 19
7-22
EN
The paper presents one of the classes of traditional and contemporary Chinese personal given names, i.e. reduplicated names. The authoress discusses history, semantic, structural, and phonetic features of this kind of names. Reduplicated names are considered by the Chinese as those evoking special tenderness, familiarity and intimacy, which, in the past, caused broader popularity of the names of this type as women's names rather than men's. Nevertheless, because of the very same semantic evocations, such names were considered as appropriate mostly for women fulfilling the functions of concubines, artists, actresses or prostitutes. Today, among contemporary Chinese, this traditional affiliation of such names has already disappeared. However, they are still evoking imaginary of sweetness, lovingness, tenderness, which makes them much more popular for the girls than for the boys. The authoress analyses the structure and semantics of such names comparing them to other reduplications within the Chinese language (i.e. adverbial, adjective). Also, basing on the collection of more than 100 reduplicated names (contemporary, but also historic ones), she examines hypothetical importance of symbolism traditionally attributed to names' starting sound or names' first syllable tone to the name giving processes.
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