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ESTHETICAL SUICIDE. ON THE MARGIN OF 'QUO VADIS?' BY H. SIENKIEWICZ

100%
Zieminski I.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
|
2006
|
issue 4
65-134
EN
The article presents the Petronius' suicide (as a character of 'Quo vadis?') in the context of ancient and Christian concept of death and dying. Petronius' death arranged as a piece of art (to realize the idea of beauty) is an icon of the ancient Rome's passing culture. It is a theatre of death and that is why it can not be the pattern to follow or any resolving of human existential mortality problem. Better attitude to death is Eunice's suicide committed for love as absolute value. Petronius' conduct and way of living was dependent on philosophy of Stoics, Epicureans, and first of all Skeptics. In this context we can see weakness of ancient philosophy as 'meditatio mortis'. Esthetical suicide as a final act of life is only human and it does not point to any eternal value. On the contrary, the death of the Christian martyrs reduced to bloody performance on the arena, points to transcendent aspect of human life and dying. According to Petronius, the way of dying is the best value criterion of any religious or philosophical doctrine and you can die with dignity even if you do not believe in Christ or eternal life. He tried to demonstrate the best values of Rome but his theatric death was rather empty gesture than the evidence of death's majesty. Christians' martyr death for faith seems more authentic than Petronius' esthetical suicide.
2
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CRIME AS A METAPHYSICAL ACT. ABOUT ALBERT CAMUS' DRAMA 'CALIGULA'

100%
Zieminski I.
Analiza i Egzystencja. Czasopismo Filozoficzne
|
2006
|
issue 3
109-137
EN
The problem of the article is the possibility of a crime as such. The analysis of the Caligula's crime motivation presented by Camus leads to conclusion that Caligula used to kill his dependents not by political or psychological reasons (as revenge for his sister's death, frightening of his own death or desire for eternity). It was not also moral motivation (an attempt to confirm his freedom, to realize absolute evil or to call people for authentic life). The main Caligula's motivation is rather metaphysical experience of his sister's death showing the cruelty of gods (they make people to live only to put them to death). According to Caligula, his own crimes are only imitation of gods to show how cruel and nonhuman the order of world is. The conclusion is that the question about the possibility of crime is incorrect, because the crime is essential part of the order of world.
3

Death as a Philosophical Problem

100%
Zieminski I.
|
2006
|
vol. 15
|
issue 2(58)
5-18
EN
The aim of the article is to answer the question: what is the philosophical problem of death about? The author claims that the most important issues are not methodological questions (the definition of death or the criterion of death), nor ethical questions (the problem of good dying), nor psychological ones (the problem of the fear of death), nor epistemological ones (the impossibility of knowing the mystery of death) and not even eschatological ones (the problem of the proof of human immortality). The essence of the philosophical problem of death is a metaphysical query expressed by the question about the reason of death: Are there any ontological reasons for death at all?
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