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ABOUT THE POETICS OF THE HUMAN COMMUNION

100%

Dementev V. V.

Stylistyka

2005

vol. 14

121-150

The article develops M.N. Kozhina's ideas about the place of 'artistic literary language' among functional styles. Esthetic meaning, esthetic evaluation and esthetic experience are understood as communicative phenomena here. Esthetically significant communicative senses are the part of the daily life, moreover, they are widely-accepted, well-recognized and necessary. The poetics of human communion is composed of speech acts in which the notional side is identified through complicated (or overcomplicated) organization and requires complicated interpretation, in which inferred senses are not limited to the lexical and grammatical meanings of the language units of which the speech act is composed. Esthetically significant oral dialogic communication may base itself upon senses produced by reading poetry or other pieces of fiction aloud. To the poetics of the human communion also belong language play, dramatized story-telling of the stories, picturesque means of the language employed in daily immediate communication. It covers also situations of meetings, discussions, remarks, single words or even parts of words, intonation, silence, facial gestures which provoke deep deliberation, arouse admiration and nevertheless defy complete calculation and description and are usually lost in the structural language analysis. This phenomenon falls into one of the basic categories of the human language as the poetic function of language. Every time the esthetically significant communication takes place senses are produced by the form of the speech act. Every time the esthetically significant oral communication takes place the priority also belongs to the form of the act of communication, but now to the communication on the whole: text and situation. By the form of the act of communication we understand all the significant components of the communicative situation including non-verbal ones. The M.M.Bakhtin views on the primary and secondary speech genres are presented. Both secondary aesthetic speech genres and primary speech genres which have the common verbal nature are the object of aesthetic evaluation. The speech act theory correlates to the poetics of the human communion in the same way as the description of the grammar of written language correlates to literally criticism. However, research of the poetics of human communion is by far more natural, logical and timely extension of the content-oriented trends of contemporary linguistics, than the poetics of written fiction is an extension of the traditional linguistics. Primary analysis of the esthetically significant oral dialogic speech is given in the article.

COMPARATIVE RESEARCHING CULTURES THROUGH A COMMUNICATIVE IDEAL

63%

Dementev V. V., Rogachowa N. B.

Stylistyka

2006

vol. 15

7-35

The article is devoted to researching cultures through a communicative ideal or absolute communicative value that covers the culture's basic communication rules shared by all speakers. This absolute ideal determines the concept of 'good' and 'bad' speech and is invariably considered when any language or speech unit is used. The intentional structure, themes and style of the communicative ideal cover all types, forms and genres of phatic and non-phatic communication. Communicative ideal also determines the poetics of human communication within this culture. It's possible to discover a communicative ideal through the language idioms which are formed by lexical units of the language naming the key value concepts of this culture. Good material can also be gained from various reflexives or metalanguage comments, phrases about the language and speech which belong to various spheres and types of communication. It may also be valuable to study the characters of national (Russian, English, Polish) literature who may be viewed as the models of the ideal communicative partners within these cultures. The article discusses the probability of experimental study of a communicative ideal. It is also important that a communicative ideal occupies a significant place in the system of statements about the types of the national cultures which are formulated in a semantic primitive language. Thus, communicative ideal is formed by values described in a semantic primitive language through simple affirmative formulas: 'It's good if...'. Communicative ideal as a rule is rather simple and clear for every speaker and is usually not an object of description and discussion. This mainly differentiates the communicative ideal from various communicative scenarios. However, a communicative ideal can also vary, at least, in some cultures. The typology of communicative concepts and values based on the field model where the centre corresponds with the communicative ideal and the periphery - particular communicative scenarios, enables to learn different types of communicative concepts variation for the centre and periphery.

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2 Stylistyka

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2 Dementev V. V.

1 Rogachowa N. B.

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ABOUT THE POETICS OF THE HUMAN COMMUNION

COMPARATIVE RESEARCHING CULTURES THROUGH A COMMUNICATIVE IDEAL