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The Presence of History in Humanistic Sciences

100%
Wozniak A.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2006
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vol. 42
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issue 3(169)
369-380
EN
The presence of history in the arts is (a) an ontic presence (delivering knowledge that humanistic facts are historical); (b) an epistemic presence (delivering knowledge that these facts derive research with historical factor); (c) a pragmatic presence (delivering knowledge that facts shown by historian may be used by those planning and performing operations in 'social technology'); (d) an educational presence (delivering knowledge that these facts are about limits for free shaping of one's life). Escape from history is senseless as regards research and shaping of inter-personal life. A humanist may and should perform his/her research activity as historian and anthropologist, i.e. make insights into the specific, different, and changing as well as into the universal and stable. A humanist becomes a historian and an anthropologist due to proper analysis and interpretation of culture as a space of 'challenges' and 'answers' - a space of social games of 'the ways of prises' and 'the ways of punishments' as well as choosing values and throwing away anti-values.
2
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TV NARRATIVE IN ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDIES

100%
Wozniak A.
Etnografia Polska
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2006
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vol. 50
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issue 1-2
117-132
EN
Television wields an enormous influence on the socio-cultural space where contemporary people function all their lives. Multitude of information reaching the recipients through that most important medium of nowadays is classified in the framework of particular genres whose content is included in the form of TV narrative. TV narrative is not identical with any other narrative style. Its specificity (determined by audio-visual character, commercialization as well as promoting particular ideologies) lies in the fact that it reaches for known, well-tried narrative schemes. Series are the most popular media products. Storylines of most of them show characters undergoing internal transformations by the simultaneous occurrence of various threads. Division into installments determine such literary devices as flashback into former events, elaborate dialogues or minimalization of suspense. The characters represent stereotypical models, embodying either good or evil. Melodramatic schemes are preferred, those telling about unhappy love. Appealing to the viewers' emotions have strong effect on them. The audience often identifies with the heroes who, though fictitious, become idols. Analysis of television narrative together with the anthropological research of audience may become a source of valuable information about changing contemporary culture.
3
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SUBURBAN GAMES AND ENTERTAINMENT. LEISURE TIME, HOLIDAYS AND CEREMONIES IN THE COMMUNITY OF GOCLAW IN 1918-1939

100%
Wozniak A.
Etnografia Polska
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2004
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vol. 48
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issue 1-2
221-252
EN
Goclaw belongs to the district of Warsaw called Grochow, on the right side of the Vistula river. In the years 1918-1939 Grochow was a large and quickly developing district, whereas Goclaw was its least urbanized part, resembling the neighbouring villages more than the urban areas. The society inhabiting Goclaw was diversified in many respects: ethnic, religious, professional. Those who were better off had German ancestry, were Lutherans of the Augsburg Confession and lived mainly on farming. The Roman Catholic Poles owned very small farms. They were in different trades, did odd jobs. In the 1930s., due to economic crisis, great part of them were unemployed and suffered great poverty. Some were employed in public works or were on dole. For most families their own houses and small plots of land provided some kind of security in case of unemployment. People inhabiting the suburb of Goclaw in the years 1918-39 lived in a community resembling, to a considerable degree, a local community of the traditional type. They had preserved social ties characteristic for such kind of community - kinship and neighbourly ties which gave sense of security to individuals and families in case of crisis. That system of social bonds and sense of solidarity were supported and reinforced by common celebrating of rituals of annual cycle and life cycle as well as particular forms of entertainment. On the other hand it was the economic crisis of the 1930s and poverty that contributed to setting back the urbanization and development of the suburban district. Poverty made it difficult for the residents to enjoy all kinds of entertainment offered by the city life. The previous way of life of the suburban community got unsettled. Frequent contacts with neighbouring villages, culturally similar, confirmed and supported their value system.
4
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POLISH ETHNOGRAPHIC RESEARCH IN GEORGIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY AND AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

100%
Wozniak A.
Lud
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2004
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vol. 88
105-121
EN
Polish-Georgian contacts have had a long tradition. As early as the 17th and 18th centuries Polish missionaries in Georgia, who also acted as diplomats, wrote reports about Georgia. The most outstanding among them was T.J. Krusinski, a Jesuit, whose work was a source of information about Persia and the Caucasus (including the Georgians) from which Europe has drawn for centuries. Contacts between Poland and Georgia became most intense in the 19th century when both countries were part of the Russian empire. The first half of the 19th century was particularly abundant in works about the Caucasus and Georgia. It was the time when this area, called 'warm Siberia' by Russians, was populated by Poles deported here for their political activity. These publications, containing a lot of ethnographic information, were mostly memoirs and diaries, containing very picturesque descriptions of the country. In many cases the ethnographic aspect served as a background to purely literary works, often very romantic in genre. Among writers of that period mention should particularly be made of Mateusz Gralewski (1826-1891), whose memoirs describing his exile in the Caucasus, also carrying a lot of information about Georgia, were published after his return to Poland in 1877. One of the most outstanding scholars writing about Georgia, its history, literature and folklore was Kazimierz Lapczynski (1823-1892). He conducted his research, including paremiological studies, in the 1850s. Unfortunately, when he returned to Poland he managed to publish only a small part of the materials collected in Georgia. Among them was his translation of a poem by Schota Rustaweli, the most outstanding Georgian poet, entitled 'A knight in a tiger skin'. Lapczynski, with the extent of his research interest, inquiring mind, rare diligence and particularly the soundness of his research methods, was much ahead of his time. These qualities would rather place him in the positivism than romanticism, the epoch that shaped him spiritually. The second half of the 19th century was a new stage in Polish ethnographic research in Georgia. After the fascination with the Caucasus, which left its mark on the works written in the first period, which were mostly descriptive in nature, time has come for attempts at synthesis (Artur Leist, Edward Strumpf) and thematic research into Georgian folk medicine (Jan Minkiewicz), urban folklore (Józef Stefan Ziemba) or pioneer research into Polish community in Georgia (Rev. Julian Dobkiewicz), which opened new prospects of research focused on this region.
5
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The 'History-Sociology': Problems, Methods, Lexicons

63%
Gockowski J., Wozniak A.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2006
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vol. 42
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issue 2(168)
191-204
EN
The article deals with statements that: (1) It is possible and appropriate to practice science that can be called 'history-sociology' justified by: a) constituting cognitive problems -common for both historians and sociologists; b) methods integrating cognitive acts of historians and sociologists; c) convergent scientific lexicons used by both historians and sociologists and becoming consolidated in the course of their work; (2) It is reasonable to read works of historians as sociological works and to read works of sociologists as historical works; (3) The fact that on the map of the social sciences exist (exclusively) various 'histories-sociologies' should be considered as one of the 'peculiarity of the social sciences'.
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