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Kulturowy i społeczny portret stiliagów (Pomnik nieznanego stiliagi, Dorosła córka młodego człowieka Wiktora Sławkina)

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Kowalska M.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2014
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issue 6(32)
395-411
EN
The article presents a cultural and social portrait of the first youth subculture in the Soviet Union. The inspiration for the study of the literary phenomenon of stilyaga were the works of Victor Slavkin: a drama The Grown‑up Daughter of a Young Man and a memoir The Monument to the Unknown Stilyaga. A memoir of Alexey Kozlov and a work of Vasiliy Aksyonov In Search of Melancholy Baby complemented the study. The cultural portrait of stilyaga was based on works from the field of sociology and cultural studies, as well as drafts and articles on the official government stand towards the rebellious youth. The literary portrait of stilyaga is dominated by a romantic, nostalgic vision and a specific idealization of the young years. The image of the subculture, however remote from authenticity, was transferred to other arts: film, musical culture, photography. The article attempts to separate the myth of stilyaga from the facts.
2
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Ponowoczesny wymiar subkultur młodzieżowych w Rosji

100%
Kowalska M.
Politeja : Pismo Wydziału Studiów Miedzynarodowych i Politycznych Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
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2013
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issue 3(25)
627-645
EN
This paper aims to present contemporary characteristics of youth subcultures which result from the concept of postmodern era. With this end in view, in the introduction some selected research positions have been analysed for which the reference point is the theory of postmodernism and contemporary changes within the culture. In the first place, the characteristics of postmodern period have been put forward which help to describe macrosocial and microsocial structures such as fragmentation, a loss in continuity in terms of time and space, a negation of tradition and authority, the information chaos, a multitude of behaviour patterns as well as moral systems. The systematization of selective distinctive features of postmodernity made it possible to analyse changes within the contemporary cultural movements of the youth in the further part of this paper. To some very crucial characteristics of postsubculture belong: the precedence of personal identity of man over the collective one, political indifference, the heterogeneity of style, and the lack of being authentic and original. The essential part of this study is to depict the Russian cultural specificity in relation to contemporary movements of the young having a cultural nature. The main presupposition is to treat the Russian subcultures as borrowed patterns the West through the process of “culture staging”, for which the influence of the media and globalization is of great importance. On the other hand, changes in the contemporary environment of the young in Russia have been shown in such a way as to take into consideration the fact of dissimilarity arising from the eastern cultural impact and the domination of a monolithic culture in the period of the Soviet Union. Furthermore, the fact of the existence of the Russian “crisis awareness” in relation to social and political changes in the period of political system transformation has great weight.
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HOMO SOVIETICUS - THE LIFESTYLE AND THE BEHAVIOUR OF A NEW MAN IN USSR (Homo sovieticus - styl zycia i zachowania nowego czlowieka w ZSRR)

100%
Kowalska M.
Slavia Orientalis
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2009
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vol. 58
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issue 3
293-312
EN
1920 and 1930s is a period of formating and strengthening of Soviet authorities. This is also a time of increased pressure of the authorities on a person, period with attempts to create a new man following concepts of Russian thinkers' from 19th century: Piotr Tkachov, Sergei Nechaev or Nikolai Chernyshevsky. It's worth underlying the range of Russian dissidents' activities in the area of homo sovieticus creation. It was referring to almost all parts of human life: career, family, free time. Slogans of new morality, loosening of principles in the customs area influenced Russian man psychology and made existing values, treated as universal less important. Spreading atheism and need of belief in somebody or something forced people to look for new gods of history. All elements, parts of a new man creation process must have influenced a psychological condition of a man in USRR, losening of interpersonal relationschips and loosing the sense of life. This article shows the Lifestyle of Soviet Man. The authoress focuses on the private life of homo sovieticus as well as social life created from obligation of active participation in building the communism. The bacis research materials are literary works created in the described period but important part is also dedicated to propaganda.
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