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Utopia robotniczej Arkadii? (na przykładzie pracy Hermanna Reuffurtha Giszowiec. Nowa górnośląska wieś górnicza)

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Kaczmarzyk I.

ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura

2018

issue 36

Izabela KaczmarzykThe Ignatianum AcademyCracow, Poland Utopia of a Working-class Arcadia?(Based on Hermann Reuffurth’s Giszowiec. Nowa górnośląska wieś górnicza [Giszowiec. A New Upper-Silesian Coal-Mining Village]). Abstract: The article is an attempt to understand the category of utopia with reference to the accomplished architectural project of Giszowiec (Gieschewald) – a patronal company town situated in Upper Silesia. The starting point of the reflections on the character of Giszowiec is the concept of happiness by W. Tatarkiewicz who in his work “Analysis of Happiness” („O szczęściu”) claimed that it could be achieved only if everything was well-planned and rational in life. These two rules – of rationality and precision in the arrangement of every detail of the estate, so that all its inhabitants (the workers of Bergwerksgesellschaft Georg von Giesches Erben industrial concern) could lead happy and peaceful everyday lives – were the basis of Zillmans’ architectural project. The project itself involved a housing estate of small cottage-like houses situated in a woody area and it resulted from pragmatism. It was a means of developing the sites which were rich in coal deposits. Nevertheless, it created an interesting architectural concept referring to the idea of a garden city, which made it possible to approach in an innovative way the issue of workmen’s housing provided by one of the biggest industrial concerns at the beginning of the 20th century. Keywords: Upper Silesia, industrial heritage, regional studies

For an abstract in English, scroll down. Izabela KaczmarzykAkademia Ignatianum w Krakowie Utopia robotniczej Arkadii?(na przykładzie pracy Hermanna Reuffurtha Giszowiec. Nowa górnośląska wieś górnicza) Abstrakt: Artykuł jest poświęcony problematyce rozumienia kategorii utopii w odniesieniu do zrealizowanego projektu architektonicznego, jakim było patronackie osiedle robotnicze Giszowiec (Gieschewald) na Górnym Śląsku. Punktem wyjścia do refleksji nad specyfiką Giszowca jest koncepcja W. Tatarkiewicza, który w swojej pracy O szczęściu wskazywał, że można byłoby osiągnąć szczęście, gdyby w życiu wszystko było dobrze zaplanowane i racjonalne. Te dwie zasady: racjonalności i precyzyjnego zaplanowania każdego szczegółu osiedla tak, aby jego mieszkańcy (pracownicy spółki Bergwerksgesellschaft Georg von Giesches Erben) wiedli spokojne, szczęśliwe życie codzienne były podstawą projektu architektonicznego autorstwa Zillmanów. Projekt położonego na leśnym terenie osiedla małych domków przypominających wiejskie chaty wynikał z celów pragmatycznych – był sposobem na zabudowę terenów, pod którymi znajdowały się bogate złoża węgla. Jednak dzięki temu powstało interesujące założenie architektoniczne, nawiązujące do idei miasta-ogrodu, pozwalające w nowatorski sposób spojrzeć na kwestię mieszkań dla pracowników jednego z największych koncernów przemysłowych na początku XX wieku. Słowa kluczowe: Górny Śląsk; dziedzictwo przemysłowe; regionalistyka Utopia of a Working-class Arcadia?(Based on Hermann Reuffurth’s Giszowiec. Nowa górnośląska wieś górnicza [Giszowiec. A New Upper-Silesian Coal-Mining Village]). Abstract: The article is an attempt to understand the category of utopia with reference to the accomplished architectural project of Giszowiec (Gieschewald) – a patronal company town situated in Upper Silesia. The starting point of the reflections on the character of Giszowiec is the concept of happiness by W. Tatarkiewicz who in his work “Analysis of Happiness” („O szczęściu”) claimed that it could be achieved only if everything was well-planned and rational in life. These two rules – of rationality and precision in the arrangement of every detail of the estate, so that all its inhabitants (the workers of Bergwerksgesellschaft Georg von Giesches Erben industrial concern) could lead happy and peaceful everyday lives – were the basis of Zillmans’ architectural project. The project itself involved a housing estate of small cottage-like houses situated in a woody area and it resulted from pragmatism. It was a means of developing the sites which were rich in coal deposits. Nevertheless, it created an interesting architectural concept referring to the idea of a garden city, which made it possible to approach in an innovative way the issue of workmen’s housing provided by one of the biggest industrial concerns at the beginning of the 20th century. Keywords: Upper Silesia, industrial heritage, regional studies

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Kaczmarzyk I.

Świat i Słowo

2012

vol. 10

issue 2(19)

45-62

The article discusses the problem of the way Zabrze is influenced by the development of industry. In terms of the transformational processes occurring in its local cultural reality, the history of the city may be divided into three periods: rural, rural and urban and, finally, urban and postindustrial. The first two periods are associated with the socioeconomic changes which took place in Europe as a result of the industrial revolution. The third period, on the other hand, encompasses the decline of Zabrze’s industry as well as the current transformations including the revitalisations and restorations of buildings and postindustrial areas, particularly old mines which are today becoming touristic attractions. The processes are not completed, so it is necessary to remember that besides their spatial integrity, the old industrial plants must also retain their sociocultural integrity and become an element of common awareness not only for Zabrze’s inhabitants.

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1 ER(R)GO: Teoria – Literatura – Kultura

1 Świat i Słowo

1 2018

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2 Kaczmarzyk I.

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Utopia robotniczej Arkadii? (na przykładzie pracy Hermanna Reuffurtha Giszowiec. Nowa górnośląska wieś górnicza)

Rozwój przemysłu i dziedzictwo poprzemysłowe jako czynniki zmieniające oblicze Zabrza