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EN
The article presents priest Jan Twardowski as a poet who perfectly understood the needs of his small readers, children. The narrator, who makes an appeal to a reader, is a priest who delicately acquaints readers with the problem of faith, love, suffering, despair and death. Jan Twardowski often used to say during interviews that ‘religion is like an educational class in the spirit of Christian culture’. It is a smile and a tear that matter as this is the sphere children operate in. One does not need to instruct’. A child should judge itself on its own and understand that it can do many good things in life. In his works, priest Jan Twardowski gave examples of faith in the effectiveness of heroic actions. He also often highlighted that he talked to his readers and shared the faith with them as didacticism offended him. In her article, the author characterises Jan Twardowski as a subtle poet who stays away from politics and a priest who, regardless of his shyness and inability to become an entrancing speaker, reaches the hearts of numerous listeners during his sermons, especially those for children. He often used to say that when a priest sacrifices Jesus during the Holy Mass and says ‘This is my body. This is my blood’ he identifies himself with Him, not only during the Holy Mass. A priest should always be shy and humble because he was given more than others. A priest who sacrifices so many things should sanctify everything he comes across in his life: people, friendship, the books he reads and poems, if he writes them. Jan Twardowski was of the opinion that ‘in order to become a wonderful priest one first has to be an ordinary, warm-hearted and good person’.
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EN
The paper departs from new work of K. Zierhoffer and Z. Zierhoffer who have discovered - on the basis of old Polish chronicles and East Slavonic dialects - that the word 'baba' used to have the meaning 'a marshy, boggy, grassy place' in toponymy. The authors claim that in Babimost et Potopisko, a note written in 1257, it was 'a swamp, a boggy place on marsh'. These and other notes allow us to state that in the old toponymy, the apelative base bab'-i, babi-a should be understood in such meaning. Thus the explanation of the meaning of the name of one of the oldest settlements outside Bydgoszcz castle Babiawies should be verified and it should be assumed that, according to its name, it was 'a settlement situated at a marshy, boggy place on the bank of the Brda river'. According to historical chronicles, the inhabitants of Babia Wies had to deliver timber to the castle, pay the rent and build a dam to prevent floods.
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę ustalenia, czy na podstawie rejestru imion bydgoskich bernardynów można formułować wnioski dotyczące elementów kultury duchowej danej epoki, czy imiona bydgoskich bernardynów są przejawem wartości ich osobistego i religijnego życia w dobie staropolskiej. W tradycji nadawania imion znajdujemy świadectwo wielowiekowego procesu tworzenia się kultury duchowej każdego narodu, które staje się niematerialnym dziedzictwem kulturowym. Zbiór imion pozyskano z pozostawionej przez bernardynów kroniki ich działalności, obejmującej okres od końca XV do początku XVIII w.
EN
The article aims at determining whether it is possible, on the basis of the register of first names of the Bernardines of Bydgoszcz, to draw some conclusions concerning the elements of spiritual culture of a given age, and to find out if names of the Bernardines of Bydgoszcz reflect the values of their personal and religious life in the Old Polish age. The tradition of giving names is a testimony of the centuries-long process which leads to the evolvement of each nation’s spiritual culture, which in turn becomes a non-material cultural heritage. The collection of the analysed first names was derived from the Bernardines’ chronicle, which covers the period from the end of the 15th century to the beginning of the 18th century.
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