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Indebtedness of Polish enterprises compared to selected countries

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Motylska-Kuźma A.
Central and Eastern European Journal of Management and Economics (CEEJME)
|
2015
|
issue 1
71-83
EN
This elaboration aims to analyse and compare the debt of Polish enterprises compared to selected European countries which underwent (like Poland) a system transformation in 90s of the last century. The paper makes use of statistical comparable measures of basic indicators of corporate debt during the transformation up to 2012 and the analysis is based on official statistical data of the Central Statistical Office in Poland and EUROSTAT as well as bases published by OECD. Despite the fact that the system transformation proceeded in a similar way, Czech, Hungary and Poland struggled with much the same problems at the beginning of their „democratic” way, however basic behaviour in the economic sphere began to diverge. The differences translated, first of all, into an image of particular countries in view of potential investors. The way entrepreneurs behaved is not without significance as their activities in particular markets including the risk of doing business which involved applying financial leverage. The recent crisis revealed that Polish enterprise do much better than businesses in Czech or Hungary. One of the reasons might be the level of debt and the risk of conducting a business. It is worthwhile examining differences among the particular countries.
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Equity crowdfunding – doświadczenia polskie

100%
Motylska-Kuźma A.
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
|
2018
|
issue 530
117-126
PL
Celem artykułu była ocena wykorzystania crowdfundingu udziałowego jako alternatywnego źródła finansowania działalności przedsiębiorstw z punktu widzenia polskich doświadczeń. Autorka, oprócz samego modelu finansowania, analizuje również nowe, planowane do wdrożenia rozwiązania prawne, które mogą w znaczny sposób ułatwić zastosowanie tej formy zdobywania kapitału. Poza tym zmiana poziomu pozyskiwania środków bez wymogów opracowywania prospektu emisyjnego do 1 mln EUR, wymuszona przez Unię Europejską, może zdecydowanie zwiększyć zainteresowanie crowdfundingiem udziałowym, zarówno wśród przedsiębiorców, jak i inwestorów. Mimo że udziałowe finansowanie społecznościowe jest coraz bardziej popularne, szczególnie wśród przedsiębiorstw z sektora MŚP oraz start-upów, niewiele wiadomo na temat rzeczywistych doświadczeń związanych z tym rodzajem źródła finansowania. Poza tym stosowane w tym celu rozwiązania prawne w wielu krajach pozostają wciąż niejasne. Warto zatem stawiać pytania o stosowane praktyki.
EN
The aim of the article is to assess the use of equity crowdfunding as an alternative source of financing business operations from the point of view of Polish experience. Apart from the financing model itself, the author also analyzes new legal solutions planned to be implemented, which can significantly facilitate the use of this form of raising capital. Despite the fact that equity-based crowdfunding is becoming increasingly popular, especially among enterprises in the SME sector and start-ups, little is known about the real experience of this type of financing source. Besides, legal solutions used for this purpose are still unclear in many countries. It is, therefore, worth asking questions about the practices used.
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