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OTVORENÁ TEXTÚRA POJMOV A PRAVIDIEL – VODA NA MLYN PRE SUBJEKTIVIZMUS V APLIKOVANEJ SÉMANTIKE?

100%
Gahér F., Mrva M., Števček M., Turčan M.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
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2020
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vol. 75
|
issue 4
309 – 323
EN
When using natural language in a domain of a special discipline, which is fundamentally based on its use (for example, language of law), we are led on the one hand by the need for precision and unambiguity and on the other hand by the need for brevity and efficiency. A specific semantic problem for texts expressing a system of normative rules for the regulation of actions is the question of their efficient applicability in new situations. Herbert Hart came up with a suggestion on how to solve these dilemmas in the field of law and was loosely inspired by the theory of open texture of concepts. He saw the solution in an inevitable defeasibility of a rule, which, in his view, is caused by the open texture of the goal pursued by the rule. However, extensive use of the instrument of open texture of a concept or a rule can be fuel for the fire of subjectivism in semantic practice. It is necessary to distinguish the phenomenon of open texture of concepts from the polysemy of natural language expressions and the phenomenon of so-called privative modification. Applicative flexibility and effectiveness of normative theory is aided by a more appropriate generality of concepts, which is achieved, for example, by recodification of law, rather than by artificially extending the scope of concepts on the basis of their fuzziness.
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Archaeological Survey of the Oases of Zarabag, Karabag and Kampyrtepa in the Piedmont of the Kugitang Mountains, South Uzbekistan – Preliminary Report for the Season 2016

88%
Augustinová A., Stančo L., Damašek L., Mrva M., Shaydullaev S.
Studia Hercynia
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2017
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vol. 21
|
issue 1
104-148
EN
This preliminary report summarizes the results of the archaeological research in the oases in the Kugitang Piedmont after the second season (summer 2016). The field survey in the Zarabag Oasis, which was the subject of our interest in the first season, was accomplished and the research continued in the oases where the villages of Karabag and Kampyrtepa are situated. The prospection led to the detection of new archaeological sites in both of them. Moreover, the examination of the sites previously known from earlier works was conducted. Besides this we focused on the the mapping of the water sources. The collected data have been processed in GIS and the finds were analysed and dated. Preliminarily, we observe basically a similar dynamic in the settlement patterns of all the researched oases.
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