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Edukacja regionalna a przemiany społeczności przemysłowych – tworzenie tradycji jako wyzwanie edukacyjne – na przykładzie Zagłębia Dąbrowskiego

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Rusek H.
Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne
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2017
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vol. 30
EN
Many regions of Europe are witnessing the reconstruction of regional identity, especially in places where radical social, cultural and economic changes occur. Economic restructuring is a factor of particular importance – it has always affected the stability of units such as a region, town and sometimes even a country. In Poland, this is well visible in the Silesian Voivodship, including in one of its sub-regions, the Dąbrowa Basin, presented in the paper. This young region, created as a result of 19-century pan-European industrialization, is inhabited mainly by descendants of immigrants from rural and small-town areas of Lesser Poland (Małopolska). Attempts have begun in many local groups and circles to strengthen the region’s identity – a process often accompanied by the creation of this identity and by inventing and hand-picking passages of the region’s history that serve this purpose. This poses a significant challenge for regional education where a serious dilemma appears: how to tackle invented tradition, how to evaluate it and what functions to assign to it.
2
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Wielokulturowość z konfliktem w tle – Ślązacy: naród? Narodowość? Grupa etniczna?

100%
Rusek H.
Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne
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2015
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vol. 25
13-24
EN
The dispute over whether there exists a Silesian nation, Silesian nationality or whether Silesians are an ethnic group, has flared up in Poland, but mainly in the Silesian Voivodeship, on a surprisingly large scale. This rather fresh controversy, growing since the turn of the 80s and 90s of the last century, i.e. since the beginning of the transformation processes in Poland, takes place in public discussions and in the media, and its finale – in the courts. Some believe that the basis is the Silesians’ disappointment with the way the region has been transformed, through a destructive rather than creative restructuring, through closure of coal mines and steel mills, all of which has resulted in citizens’ impoverishment, in sudden outbreak of unemployment, and in the lack of any program or strategy for the region. The 1990s saw the appearance of an idea of recognizing the Silesian national distinctiveness, founded on a wave of renaissance of Silesian cultural identity. Loud became demands of reviving the idea of autonomy of the Silesian province, and the fight for recognition of Silesian nationality as a different social and political entity. The Silesians, convinced of the marginalization of indigenous people as well as of injustices and wrongs inflicted by the Polish authorities after World War II, in various ways, including the political and judicial ones, are attempting to gain the status of a national minority or, as in recent times, an ethnic one. It is hard not to agree with the thesis that these efforts fit in with the idea of multiculturalism, which – being an indicator of the level of democratization of all spheres of life – has accelerated the revival of regional identity in a large part of the population of Silesia and provided them with the ideological basis to articulate their needs, expectations and aspirations.
3
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GLOBALISATION AND BORDERLAND - THE SPECIAL CASE OF CIESZYN SILESIA (Globalizacja a pogranicze - przypadek szczegolny Slaska Cieszynskiego)

100%
Rusek H.
Lud
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2010
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vol. 94
159-172
EN
Globalisation under the conditions of the ethnocultural borderland assumes a special form. The article illustrates the problem using Cieszyn Silesia, i.e. the Polish and Czech borderland as an example. In this territory the problem of identity of individuals and social groups, who live on the border of many cultures, in constant contact with the 'other', is particularly evident. An intensive exchange process of cultural elements in the course of constant and direct contacts is also characteristic. In this way a specific transborder atmosphere is created, with various cultural, social and economic contacts over the political borders of the neighbouring states. Cultural syncretism of the inhabitants of such an area and the ability to freely move in both cultural spaces is one of the features of these transborder relations. A change of attitudes, including the shortening of the ethnic distance between both neighbouring national groups, is the result of the 'open border' after the accession of Poland and the Czech Republic to the European Union. These phenomena have been favoured by the continuous local border traffic, which leads to transgressive behaviour, i.e. transgressing many existing ethnic, cultural and social barriers. Against this background the author presents a new function of the Polish-Czech border as an important factor linking rather than dividing people.
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