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Z dziejów prasy łódzkiej - „Republika” 1923-1925

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Urbaniak R.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

2008

vol. 82

On the 6th January 1923 the first issue of the “Republika” , the new newspaper, came out. It was founded by Maurycy Ignacy Poznański, Leszek Kirkien, Władysław Polak and Marian Nusbaum- -Ołtaszewski - the last one became the editor-in-chief of the newspaper. Since it was published for the rich bourgeoisie, the “Republika”, as the name suggested, was liberal in its character, as well as in the choice of cooperators, and it never got close to any political party. The newspaper dealt with social, literary and trade issues. The head office of the editors was at 49 Piotrkowska Street, whereas the correspondents of the newspaper sent information from many European capitals and Polish cities. The “ Republika” also used information provided by Polish Telegraphic Agency among others. The new publication found readers in Łódź and the region and after its position became well established on the Łódź press market, its daily edition on weekdays was up to 20 thousand copies, and it was the biggest edition among morning newspapers in Łódź in the period described. The “Republika” consisted of thematic sections led by the editiors responsible for them. Due to the connections of the newspaper with Łódź industrial circles, its trade division, “Kurier Handlowy”, whose director was Leszek Kirkien and where Maurycy Ignacy Poznański also published his articles, was well developed and came out regularly. Since the summer of 1925 the publication came into conflict with the authorities, which led to closing down the prosperous newspaper. Its successor the “Ilustrowana Republika” , published since 28'h July 1925. It resembled its predecessor with graphic design, layout, themes and choice of editors. The editor-in-chief of the new newspaper became Leszek Kirkien.

Wizerunek Czechów i Polaków na lamach prasy polskiej z 1919 roku kontekście konfliktu o Śląsk Cieszyński

100%

Urbaniak R.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

2003

vol. 77

The conflict dating back to the year 1919, between the reviving Polish country and the Czech Republic, concerning a little, however rich and strategically important, territory of Śląsk Cieszyński, was not left unnoticed by the Polish press. The papers followed the constantly changing situation of the region in dispute. The press interest in the problem escalated when the Czech army invaded the area of Śląsk on 23rd January 1919. The army, according to the agreement made between the local Polish and Czech authorities, was supposed to support the Poles. The first pages of papers provided the descriptions of the battles, information about the situation of population and the reports of witnesses. This article attempts to illustrate the position of Polish press towards the actions taken by the Czech army on the occupied area. The image of the inhuman Czech enemy was contrasted with the picture of heroic defenders of the home - the Poles. Similarly, the relations of this kind can be found in most press organizations of the period in concern, regardless of the political option being represented. Press had great influence on public opinion and, after all, was regarded as a very important opinion-making agent. Consequently, the information it carried was expected to be more precise and reliable. However, the articles describing the events mentioned above raise doubts about the authors’ objectivity. Perhaps such position enabled the press to organize some charity campaigns for the inhabitants of Śląsk Cieszyński, or to motivate Polish society tired of World War I. There is no doubt that the press is an extremely rich historic source. Nevertheless, it should be emphasized that it requires to be treated with great awareness and some dose of criticism.

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2 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica

2 Urbaniak R.

1 2008

1 2003

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Z dziejów prasy łódzkiej - „Republika” 1923-1925

Wizerunek Czechów i Polaków na lamach prasy polskiej z 1919 roku kontekście konfliktu o Śląsk Cieszyński