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  1. 2 Rocznik Orientalistyczny

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  1. 1 2010

  2. 1 2009

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  1. 2 Skorupski T.

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1

THE HISTORICAL SPECTRUM OF THE BODHISATTVA CONCEPT AND CAREER

100%
Skorupski T.
Rocznik Orientalistyczny
|
2010
|
vol. 63
|
issue 1
224-236
EN
This paper offers a modest contribution towards the historical and doctrinal evolution of the Bodhisattva concept and career. Initially the term Bodhisattva occurs in a few passages of the Pali canon, in which the Buddha uses it with reference to himself prior to his enlightenment. After the Buddha's demise the early Buddhist schools debated the character of the Bodhisattva, but without formulating a coherent theory. Then eventually certain stories were invented, and the term Bodhisattva became also applied to the Buddha's previous lives. Then with the emergence of the Mahayana, the concept of Bodhisattva was reinterpreted and presented as a universal ideal to be followed by all Mahayana adepts. While in the Theravada the term is applied exclusively to the Buddha's previous existences, in the Mahayana it is applied not only to the Buddha's existences prior to his enlightenment, but also to all beings who take the Bodhisattva vow in order to gain enlightenment and strive for the welfare of all sentient beings.
2

THE BUDDHIST PERCEPTIONS OF CONSCIOUSNESS

100%
Skorupski T.
Rocznik Orientalistyczny
|
2009
|
vol. 62
|
issue 1
146-174
EN
This paper offers a general but wide ranging survey of the Buddhist analysis and interpretation of consciousness. The paper does not aim to formulate any particular theory, but limits itself to ascertaining the ways in which Buddhist masters of all periods attempted to explain the nature and function of consciousness. After establishing the basic terminology, the paper proceeds to ascertain the Abhidharma treatment of consciousness. The Abhidharma masters mainly focus on consciousness in its cognitive and karmic conditions. Their ultimate aim is to demonstrate how to disentangle consciousness from the bondage of phenomenal existence. By contrast the Mahayana and Vajrayana masters concentrate on the pure or luminous nature of consciousness. Although they recognise the necessity of purifying consciousness, their primary goal is to demonstrate how consciousness can achieve its full potentiality, in the sense of attaining the state and qualities of buddhahood. Viewed as a whole, the Buddhist interpretations of consciousness offer a formidable range of insights into its nature and functions. However, there is no agreed interpretation on some crucial issues, such as the continuity or latent functions of consciousness.
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