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Igrzyska olimpijskie w Berlinie w roku 1936 w oczach przebywających w Niemczech Amerykanów

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Sołuba P., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.-H.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
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2014
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vol. 92
EN
On 13th May 1931 the Weimar Republic was appointed by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to host the Olympic Games 1936. Adolf Hitler, who was elected Chancellor of Germany January 30, 1933 finally responded positively to the idea of the Olympics. Due to the anti-Jewish policies of Berlin in Semitic environments appeared, especially in the U.S., the idea of a boycott of the Olympics in 1936 or move the event to another state. Do not, however, decided to take this step. The Olympic Games were run from 1 until 16 August 1936. For this reason, Americans who want to watch the games in July began arriving by sea to Germany. Among them were correspondents, sports journalists, diplomats, businessmen and tourists. American sports team also came to Germany. During sporting competitions U.S. citizens closely observed the reality of the Third Reich. Nazi propaganda had a big impact on the views of Americans about the new Germany.
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„Kwestia żydowska” w działalności ambasadora USA w Berlinie Williama E. Dodda (1933–1937)

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Sołuba P., Łódzki U.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
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2013
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vol. 90
EN
William Edward Dodd was served as the United States ambassador in Germany from 1933 to 1937. New ambassador spoke the language fluently, he was also a graduate of the Leipzig University. In his four-and-one-half year mission to the Third Reich Dodds opinion about Germany evolved. Finally he became more and more convinced that Hitler and his associates were criminals. “Jewish question” played important role in Dodds turnaround. Before leaving to take up his post, Dodd consulted on the Jews situation in Germany. In Third Reich Dodd could his imagination confronted with reality. New ambassador observed how the Nazis systematically excluded Jews from participation in German life. Jews lost their jobs, their citizenship, and their civic rights. They were isolated and cut off from society. He tried to help persecuted people in immigration to United States. Ambassador attitude brought on tension in contact with the German government. This was the reason his recall. The German government told the State Department that Dodd could no longer function in Berlin. Ambassador resignation was announced in December 1937.
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"Assignment to Berlin" – realia pracy korespondentów amerykańskich w Niemczech w latach 1939–1941

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Sołuba P., Uniwersytet Łódzki W. F.-H.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
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2015
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vol. 95
EN
Berlin during the time of war was an interesting place for American correspondents. They could learn on the spot about further military plans, which the Nazi had. Equally important for them were to understand the mood of the Germans and their attitude toward war. Their observations was contradictory in relation to the press reports published in both German and Allied Press. Due to the existence of unofficial censorship in the Reich correspondents could not fairly and accurately inform readers about the progress of hostilities, the issue of rationing, bombing or negative feelings toward regime in German society. In a similar situation they were also journalists stationed in London or other European capitals. In this aspect, Berlin was part of a general trend. During the war, due to the decrease in the number of foreign journalists, American correspondents began play leading role in the journalistic circle in Germany. They were citizens of a neutral state, but so powerful that the Nazis wanted to keep him out of the armed conflict. For this reason, the Americans were treated very well. Despite this fact, the Americans very often wanted to leave the Berlin post. This was, in large part, because of their anti-Nazi feelings and depression caused by the successes of the German army.
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