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Institutionalization of memory and archival institutions in the 1950s and 1960s in the Rožňava County: A contribution towards the study of regional policy and cultural strategy in mid-20th century Slovakia
EN
This paper examines the history, structure and the activities of the Inspectorate-General of Archives and Libraries in Slovakia between 1919 and 1951. Two renowned historians occupied the post of Inspector General: Václav Chaloupecký, a Czech by birth, and Branislav Varsik. In their role, both these scholars of historiography and history who pioneered these subjects at the Comenius University expended great amounts of time and effort to protect a number of important archives. They laid also the groundwork for the establishment of a truly unified and national network of archives whose mission would be to safeguard the nation‘s cultural heritage and make it available to the general public.
EN
This paper examines the history of museology in Slovakia as a scientific discipline in general and a specialized university course of study in particular. We discuss the fundamental characteristics of the discipline, including the development of the current conception of museology as a university course and describe the fundamentals of the course as currently implemented in various institutes of tertiary education in Slovakia. In conclusion, we briefly survey the current state of the field in Slovakia, its potential and its possible future development.
EN
This paper examines the history of official and private topographic, administrative and statistic lexicons and surveys of townships covering the area of present-day Slovakia from the earliest such works produced in the Kingdom of Hungary to those published after the formation of Czechoslovakia. Their value and use for historical and demographic research is evaluated and compared with the first official township lexicon published between the two world wars.
EN
The paper is concerned with the extraordinary census of the population of Slovakia, carried out in 1919 with the aim of supporting the Czechoslovak peace delegation in Paris with data on the ethnic structure of the population. The study analyses selected parts of the preparation, course and publication of the data from this preliminary census with an emphasis mainly on the organizational aspect. In the conclusion, the authors attempt to outline the significance of the 1919 census as a historical source and evaluate the possibilities for its use.
EN
Apart from the large ethnic groups, the multi-ethnic Kingdom of Hungary also included several less numerous historic autochthonous and alochthonous ethnic groups. We can describe the initially nomadic Romany group as relatively late arrivals. Thanks to their ethnic difference they were symbolically and often also really excluded from the majority society of the Central European region. As a result of some degree of isolation from the main social developmental currents, the Romany still retained various specific characteristics in late 19th century Hungary, in spite of more or less intensive efforts to achieve their complete integration. One of the important instruments for monitoring the success of individual measures and preparing evidence for their formulation was various types of census. From the point of view of content and methodology, the most important is the census of Romany in Hungary at the end of January 1893. It is a unique source of information on the character of the Romany population in Hungary at the end of the 19th century. The aim of the paper is to consider the background to the census of Romany in 1893, its causes, preparation and implementation, as well as to analyse the main and some specific characteristics of the Romany population of Hungary in 1893 on the basis of the available published data.
EN
The authors describe the preparation of specialized courses on museum education and exhibition management which aim to introduce students to interacting with the public and the use of various presentation methods for educational purposes. Museum education is currently one of the fastest evolving branches of museum studies and museum practice. The museum education courses taught as a part of the Museology and Cultural Heritage program at the Faculty of Arts provide both a wide theoretical background and significant practical experience the proof of which is a number of successful student projects in both academies as well as beyond.
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EN
The first demographic studies in Slovakia emerged before the Second World War and dealt mainly with the ethnic diversity of the population living in the Slovak-Hungarian border region. A revival in Slovak historical demography research came in the late 20th century. There emerged studies devoted to population growth in the pre-statistical age. Scholars studied the development of settlement as well as its impact on the natural environment. Most recent studies also deal with more recent history of Slovakia, especially in the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century — they examine demographic processes and population structure, and are based on censuses from 1919, 1938 and 1940. In Slovakia demographic research is a supplement to historical research more than anything else. There are no studies using the aggregation method and the family reconstruction method. However, research conducted over the last few years by a new generation of historians, demographers, sociologists and ethnographers provides a basis for setting a new direction in historical-demographic research in Slovakia.
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