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Vybrané aspekty maďarské zahraniční politiky na počátku 30. let 20. století

100%
Septak M.
Slovanský přehled: historická revue pro dějiny střední, východní a jihovýchodní Evropy (Slavonic Review: Review for Central, Eastern and Southeastern European history)
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2010
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vol. 96
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issue 3-4
263-282
EN
The article introduces Hungarian diplomacy with special attention paid to Austria and Italy in the early 1930s on the basis of unpublished Czechoslovak, German and Austrian resources and published Austrian and Czechoslovak resources. The Hungarian foreign policy co-established by the Prime Minister Istvan Bethlen desired to increase collaboration on the Rome-Vienna-Budapest axis which was to prevent isolation of the country and reinforce its revisionist requirements. There were advantageous political and economical conditions for such collaboration between the concerned nations in their desire to break the post-war status quo. The second part of the essay analyses Hungarian attitude towards the German-Austrian customs union. The standpoint of the Danube state was determined by two circumstances - attitudes of the local agrarian circles and of the most significant ally - Italy. Although the scheme may have brought a certain degree of revival at the time of catastrophic impacts of the world economical crisis, the Hungarian government assumed a wait-and-see attitude focused on acquiring political concessions. The article concludes with an analysis of Bethlen's reasons for resignation in August 1931.
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Hledání Benešova nástupce. Zákulisí jmenování československého ministra zahraničí

100%
Septak M.
Moderní dějiny: sborník k dějinám 19. a 20. století (Modern History: Studies into 19th and 20th century history)
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2011
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vol. 19
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issue 1
105-122
EN
The worsening health of Tomas G. Masaryk made the question of his successor closely linked with the appointment of a new head of the country's diplomacy, since the President in case of his abdication designated Benes as his successor. Based on unpublished sources of Czech and Austrian origin, memoirs and professional literature the author analyzes in his study the background of the appointment of a successor to Benes between 1934 and 1936. Much attention is paid to the implementation of foreign policy by Milan Hodza, as it was at that time that the key negotiations concerning the appointment of a new head of the Foreign Office were taking place. The strongest 'Czechoslovak' Agrarian Party, seeking redress for its failure at the recent Presidential election, wished to have in that position its own candidate and refused to accept Kamil Krofta, suggested by Benes. Hodza's poor success and some of his wrongdoings soon caused his recall and helped Benes to put through Krofta's candidacy. Thus, the President could continue significantly influencing the formulation of Czechoslovak foreign policy.
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