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Analiza proporcji stabilnych izotopów tlenu (18O/16O) w kościach przedstawicieli ludności kultury ceramiki sznurowej z Malżyc – badania pilotażowe

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Włodarczak P., Szczepanek A., Stepańczak B., Jarosz P., Szostek K.
Archeologia Polski
|
2011
|
vol. 56
|
issue 1-2
47-64
EN
The results of archaeological research with an analysis of the ratio of stable oxygen isotopes 18O and 16O in human bones from the Corded Ware Culture were confronted. Radiocarbon dating of graves to approximately 2500–2400 B.C. reveals that the cemetery is chronologically homogeneous and represents a classic stage in the development of this culture. Pottery from graves nos 10–12 demonstrates characteristics linking Malżyce finds with the grave assemblages from the region of Kraków. Samples for lab analysis were selected in view of their localization, approximately same dating and differentiated age at death of the individuals. A reconstruction of parameters of the natural environment in the Sub-Boreal period was carried out based on an analysis of two animal bone samples from the Neolithic settlement site in Zawarża, district Pińczów, approximately 4 km northwest of the site in Malżyce. Analysis for diagenetic change of apatite excluded two not homogeneous samples. Based on the results of analysis it could be determined that the 40–45 year old man buried in grave 10 changed his environment during his lifetime. From the age of 5–8 to about 15 he lived in the area where his bones were found, then led a mobile life in an environment characterized by a different isotope composition. In the end, he returned to be buried in his native land. The child aged 1–1.5 years from grave 11 seems to have been breastfed, influencing significantly the results. Assuming his mother did not come from the studied region, the data suggests a non-local origin for this individual. Definite determination of the origins of this child and whether it was indeed breastfed will be possible only after a comparative analyses of isotopes of nitrogen, carbon and strontium in the same samples are made. Samples from the 11–12-year-old individual in grave 12 demonstrated similar ratios of oxygen isotopes, indicating that the individual did not leave the environment in which he had grown up, using continuously the same natural sources; no changes of lifestyle could be discerned.
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