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EN
Attention is paid to the external determinants - such as the system of management of the State economy, the general political and social atmosphere and the legal basis for self-management. In its main part the paper deals with the internal organizational determinants, such as statutes, acting procedures, membership and personal qualities of the members. These factors sanction the formalization of self-government and thereby diminish its social importance. The paper is based on monographs of chosen self-managements though its author utilizes also results of other studies.
EN
Searching for specific features of transformation in Central European countries, the following factors are mainly taken into account: - a historical background; - social actors’ actions; - a pace and radicalism of the changes; - the mental features of a society. Poland has got the following specific features: a strong opposition against communist regime, a large trade unions opposition movement, early destruction of ancient regime, a shock therapy of economy in 1990, an alternative affiliation of social and socialist ideas (religion, Catholic Church, strong informal relations). In spite of having these positive transformation features, there was a political turn to the left in the parliamentary election of 1993. It have not changed, however, negative estimations of government activities and pessimistic views on the economy development. There should be searched another conditions of transformation than aforementioned ones because of complexity of private and public relations in 1995 in Poland. The searching should include the analysis and research of an elite, a nationalism, neighborhood relations or analysis of trade unions activities. The societal references of these studies and their comparative character decide about their usefulness for the construction of different models of transformation.
EN
The workers’ self-management in Poland is a term describing an institution the aim of which is participation in management. The article provides information about principles of operation of the workers’ self-management and its organizational forms. On the basis of sociological studies devoted to functioning of the workers’ self-management the author discusses factors determining expansion of workers’ participation in management, and namely: 1. Socio-political conditions, i.e. socialization of ownership of production means and socialist administration, way of management of the economy, company’.' autonomy, socialist democracy; 2. Economic conditions, i.e. achieving indexes of plan implementation and economic effectiveness; 3. Technical and organizational conditions, i.e. technological level and organization of jobs and working groups; 4. Educational background and level of professional qualifications; 5. Character of social diversification of a working team and type of group interests; 6. Size of the company and multiplant (multi-department) organization; 7. Formal and legal solutions; 8. Attitude to the self-management of authoritative social bodies including the political party, trade unions, administration, mass media; 9. Atmosphere and style of management in the company; 10. Active participation in activities of the self-management of a numerous group of committed workers; 11. „Education for self-management” of managerial staff, actively involved members, and employees.
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