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EN
The article looks at post-war cultural activity of the Jewish population in Lower Silesia, focusing on the activity of the organizations representing that minority. It describes the activity of a Jewish theatre, which played an especially important role for the region's Jews, and also reviews the problems of Jewish publishing businesses and their significance to the Jewish population of Wroclaw voivodship. The article also looks as the activity of Jewish clubs, first attached to Jewish committees, then to branches of the Social and Cultural Associations of Jews (TSKZ. It describes the development and subsequent decline of the activity of amateur Jewish troupes, which contributed to the life of this community in even some tiny Jewish concentrations in the region. The last segment concerns the operations of Jewish libraries, which also flourished for a period before going into decline. All the areas of the Jews' activity are presented against the background of problems affecting that community, such as emigration, manifestations of anti-Semitism, the policies of the communist authorities.
EN
Article refers to basic problem connected with Israeli-Palestinian conflict Author divided this catalog into two groups The first catalog includes all objective obstacles: Jerusalem issue, Jewish settlement question and Palestinian refugees concern The second catalog is less precise Author indicates: political scene of two societies, Israel ability to manage the conflict, international conditions and mutual distrust of both Parties
PL
Artykuł dotyczy podstawowych problemów związanych konfliktem izraelsko-palestyńskim Autor podzielił ich katalog na dwie grupy Do pierwszej zaliczył wszystkie obiektywne trudności: sprawę Jerozolimy, kwestię osadnictwa żydowskiego i zagadnienie uchodźców palestyńskich Drugi katalog jest mniej precyzyjny Autor wskazał w nim na scenę polityczną obu społeczeństw, zdolność Izraela do zarządzania konfliktem, uwarunkowania międzynarodowe oraz wzajemną nieufność stron
EN
This article is an attempt to show the impact of demographic processes on the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The author characterized and described the demographic processes occurring in both communities. The study highlighs the importance of increasing proportion of non-Jewish citizens of Israel. A demand to recognize Israel as a Jewish state has been analysed. The article also describes a proposal to resolve the conflict through the creation of one state for two nations. The author also shows how demographics will affect relations between the two communities in the future.
EN
The paper aims to provide an overview of the main streams of perception of Israeli and Palestinian national identities by Polish authorities and society, as well as analyze their sources. The study covers the period of time when both of the national identities took shape, that is since the beginning of the mass Jewish migration to Palestine at the beginning of the XXth century until the present time. As the Jews have for a long time been an important part of Polish history and society, Poles have a strong perception of Jewish, and consequently also Israeli, identity. Polish Jews, who played a crucial role in establishing the Israeli state and shaping Israeli national identity, were treated by many Poles as “our Jews”. This perception was conditioned by internal factors, such as social relations, cultural proximity, historical memory or political views. In contrast, a perception of the Palestinian identity from the very beginning was conditioned externally, because it resulted from international political developments and a narrative imposed by foreign powers. Another special feature of the Polish perception of Israeli and Palestinian identity is the fact that public opinion very often differs significantly from the political position of state authorities.
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