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EN
The paper’s aim is to indicate the mutual relations between contemporary Swedish literature and the academic and political discourse on the welfare state’s crisis. The article’s first part discusses the genesis, evolution and meaning of the term ”Swedish folkhem” as it is understood today, i.e. as a political vision underlying the Swedish welfare state which with time has become a metaphor and a myth. In its other part the presence of historical narratives on the Swedish folkhem in five autobiographically inspired novels on childhood and growing up is investigated (Jonas Gardell’s En komikers uppväxt (1992), Lena Andersson’s Var det bra så? (1999), Mikael Niemi’s Populärmusik i Vittula (2000), Torbjörn Flygt’s Underdog (2001) and Susanna Alakoski’s Svinalängorna (2006). Analysing the chosen examples, the author of the paper focuses mainly on the issue of how the narratives known from political propaganda and debate are transformed, commented and used in a literary text to construct a collective identity.
EN
The subject of the article is the experience of social exclusion present in five contemporary novels on childhood and adolescence spent in the Swedish folkhem, by Jonas Gardell, Lena Andersson, Mikael Niemi, Torbjörn Flygt and Susanna Alakoski. In the first part of the article I am discussing social exclusion as a term used in the debate about the Swedish welfare-state in crisis. The second part is an analysis of the literary texts, using a sociological perspective. I am focusing there on portraits of the children that are main characters in the novels, the children whose personal identity is being shaped in the shadow of the collective dream of a perfect society. Asking a question about the specifically Swedish character of those children’s sense of exclusion, I am referring to the words of the social democratic leader Per Albin Hansson, who in his speech of 1928, presented a vision of Sweden as a happy and fair common home (folkhem), in which there is no place for either favored citizens (“darlings”), or for second-class citizens (“stepchildren”).
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Om Polen i svensk dagspress

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EN
The following article is a part of research on the image of Poland in Sweden and Sweden in Poland done for the author’s PhD dissertation. The analysis of newspaper articles published in Swedish newspapers since 1987 till 1997 showed the most popular issues on Poland. They are: pollution, the situation of Polish Jews and the position of the Catholic church in Poland, Polish-German and Polish-Russian bilateral relations. The issues are described completely in the articles, however, they become generalised and stereotyped in overseas reports.
EN
The article puts together and describes four main traditions of the Swedish perception of the Polish, which have been formed through the centuries by the conflicts and encounters, as well as similarities and differences in the development of societies in these two countries. The historically qualified notions about the Polish as courageous warriors, innocent martyrs, anarchy rioters and catholic fanatics reappear also in Swedish press articles that were published after 1989, sometimes gaining a new meaning. These notions should be interpreted in the background of national narratives of the Swedes since images of the others are being often used while defining one’s own group and consequently they shouldbe seen as a substantial constituent of national identity.
EN
Carl-Johan Vallgren, the writer and musician bom in 1964. has published eight books and released five records with his own lyrics and music. His novel called Den vidunderliga karlekens historia (The Horrific Sufferings of the Mind-Reading Monster Hercules Barefoot, His Wonderful Love and His Terrible Hatred) proved a spectacular success in 2002. The media describe him sometimes as „the least Swedish of all Swedish writers”. This opinion derives partly from his choice of the subjects and partly from the fact that Vallgren has travelled much in Asia and Europe and in the beginning of the 1990s he lived in Madrid and Copenhagen and then in Berlin for twelve years. This analysis of Vallgren’s lyrics is an attempt to show that the writer has never lost touch with his homeland to which he returned in 2005. His musical and literary stories paint a picture of Sweden with distinct features of social satire; Vallgren uses irony and black humour in a masterly manner, he shocks and even teeters on the edge of good taste. Nevertheless, drastic features are juxtaposed by lyrical threads and the note of nostalgia in his descriptions of characters, places and phenomena moderates Vallgren’s severe criticism.
EN
The article’s aim is to discuss the Swedish autobiographical novel Huset vid Flon by Kjell Johansson as an example of the self-conscious narration (in Wayne C. Booth’s understanding). The grown-up narrator, who admits to being a professional writer, presents a retrospective of his childhood on Stockholm suburbs in the 1940s and 50s. He constructs his narration before the reader’s eyes, involves him/her in a dialogue, explains the employed narrative devices and plays the role of a guide through a no longer existing world. He is also an insightful and at times ironic commentator of the reality. For him organising the memories is above all a quest for his own identity. This “telling stories of oneself”, which can be viewed in a light of Paul Ricoeur’s narrative identity, is also strongly embedded in a collective experience of growing up in the Swedish welfare state.
EN
The subject of the article are autobiographical threads present in Swedish stories about childhood and adolescence published after 1986 that form part of the narrative pertaining to the origins, evolution and decline of the Swedish welfare state (folkhemmet). With reference to such concepts as autobiographical pact, autobiographical novel and auto-fiction, the author discusses the various ways six contemporary Swedish writers (PC Jersild, Kjell Johansson, Susanna Alakoski, Jonas Gardell and Lena Andersson) use their biographies. Special focus is given to the notion of how a cogitation upon individual fate becomes universal when placed in a social context. Another problem analysed by the author is the significance of autobiographical threads for building relationships between the writer and the reader and for the reception of a literary text.
EN
National identity, in the meaning of a need to define oneself as a member of a nation and to characterize one's nation, is not constant. It increases during crises and transformations in state and society, and decreases in periods of stabilisation. In the case of Sweden, the research on the natłonal character and identity flourished in the 19th and the early 20th century, which was crucial time politically, economically and socially. The main trends in a searching for the Swedish identity, which are discussed in this article, were inspired by the Nordic mjrthology, the so called great power period in the Swedish history (the 17th century) and the folk traditions symbolised by the province of Dalecarlia. This article presents also the attempts to portray the Swedish national character by C. L. J. Almqvist, V. von Heidenstam, E. Key, A. Strindberg and G. Sundbarg.
EN
The article is a presentation of partial research on litanic verse in Swedish literature carried out within the project “Litanic Verse in the Culture of European Regions”. Starting from the origins of the litanic genre, described by Witold Sadowski, the author analyses Karin Boye’s poem ”Bön till solen” („Prayer to the Sun”), paying special attention to the presence of the three litanic genes: the ektenial, the polyonymic and the chairetismic. As the typical stylistic figures and structural solutions occur in the poem, a conclusion can be drawn that ”Bön till solen” is an example of preservation of litanic patterns in the Swedish literary tradition.
EN
In the article, the author considers cultural factors which affect the reading of literary work by Swedish and Polish audiences. The piece in question is Underdog by Torbjörn Flygt (2001, translated into Polish by Elżbieta Jasińska-Brunnberg, 2006). Analyzing the setting of the novel in historical narrative about the Swedish welfare state, the authors poses questions regarding universal or hermetic nature of Flygt’s novel.
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An analysis o f articles about Sweden which have appeared in the Polish press from 1989 to 1999 makes it possible to distinguish the most frequent subjects chosen by Polish journalists. These subjects include the unsolved case of the assassination of Olof Palme, the drawbacks of the Swedish welfare state, the controversies connected with Swedish neutrality, the discussions on how far equality can go and the problems of a multicultural country; as well as Swedish peculiarities such as alcohol policy, liberal morals, the position of the Church in a secularized society and the attachment to the monarchy. This article covers several examples o f these most popular topics. It also examines the way in which they have been presented, with regard to the traditional perception of Sweden by Poles as well as to the sense of Polish national identity noticeable in the journalists’ comments. The problems connected with these issues are discussed in greater detail in the author’s doctoral thesis in the chapter which deals with the perception of Sweden in Poland.
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