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1

A WRITER'S DIARY: BETWEEN EVERYDAY WRITING PRACTICE AND LITERATURE

100%
Rodak P.
Pamiętnik Literacki
|
2006
|
vol. 97
|
issue 4
29-49
EN
The article proposes an analysis of the diary through the prism of a conception of the diary in which it is treated as an everyday writing practice - acting in words - according to which the newly composed text is only one element of it; the remaining elements are performative-functional (the place the diary occupies in the writer's life and its functions) and material (the diary's carrier, its material structure, appearance). Using the three categories (practice, material, text) the author gives a thorough characteristics of personal diaries, every time paying special attention to the peculiarity of writers' diaries. Light is shed on the important role of motivation for diary writing and on the function the diary performs (e.g. recording one's writing, a chronicle of a creative work, the writer's creative workshop, l'atelier d'écriture, creative archive, autotematic, self-critical and critical practice, creation of a literary text). The author pays attention to the function of a diary carrier (e.g. notebooks, loose pieces of paper) and to an important practice of rewriting and amending of notes in some writer's diaries - an evidence of changing a personal writing into a literary text. The author suggests his own typology of writer's diaries comprising private diaries, writing diaries, and literary diaries.
2

A Personal Diary: Praxis, Materiality, Text

100%
Rodak P.
Przegląd Kulturoznawczy
|
2006
|
vol. 1
|
issue 1
71-85
EN
The text proposes an analysis of personal diaries using a concept whereby a diary is approached on a broader basis than just as a text (which is characteristic for a structural and post-structural tradition), namely, as a writing praxis of one's everyday life, a thing (material object) and a text at the same time. The author's understanding of diaries is first of all based on the works of Philippe Lejeune. Describing a diary as a writing praxis of one's everyday life the author points out the important role of motivations for keeping diaries and their functions (both in individual and socio-cultural perspective). In the analysis of diary's material dimension he underlines the consequences of literacy and 'careers' of the written word with their uses for the meanings of a diarist practice. Presenting the textual dimension of personal diaries, the author pays attention to the significant role of autobiographical character of this type of documents (connections with a diarist's life and experiences). The most important conclusion of the article is that a personal diary, having a primarily practical and existential dimension (material as well as textual one), may only be secondarily considered as a literary genre or a type of discourse.
3

MARIA DABROWSKA'S DIARIES: THE ADVENTURES OF AN ETHICAL PERSON

100%
Rodak P.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2008
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
5-25
EN
In analysing the complete diaries, the author points out that they are a specific form of personal document in which we encounter a doubly personalised approach to the world (through the author of the diaries and those who appear in the diary because they feature in her life). In the diary Dabrowska is completely turned towards the world - primarily towards the other person (an exocentric, not egocentric, diary). It is from the point of view that the author describes four basic lines of tension in the diary - the private-public, the personal-social and historic, the internal-external, the conscious-subconscious, as well as its important function (keeping a balance of a situation of almost permanent crisis which is a part of the relationship between 'me' and the world). Later, the author points to the most important components of Dabrowska's consciousness (the interrelated experiences of danger and the secrets of existence, the reality of the other person and its values and the undiminished ties which link people constituting a metaphysical and ethical component of their condition) and their sources (Abramowski, Conrad). The description of Dabrowska identifies her embracing the 'ethos of the democratic Polish intelligentsia' as well as her particular place within it. At the end the author emphasises that Dabrowska's private version as presented in the manuscripts of the diary is more authentic and real than the published version and that it demands the earliest possible publication of the whole diary in a philological edition (without footnotes), followed by academic work on it using the full critical apparatus.
4

PERSONAL DIARY AND HISTORY

100%
Rodak P.
Kultura i Społeczeństwo
|
2008
|
vol. 52
|
issue 1
91-109
EN
In order to show the connection between a personal diary and history the author first differentiates between a diary which is a discourse and one which is a written practice. Both at the discourse level and, especially, at the written practice level, a personal diary differs from literature because of its clear relation to the context in which it was created and its specific function in the life and culture of the person keeping it - which cannot be reflected by any printed form. The article draws attention to the most important historical functions of a diary - from registering trading operations and calculating income and expenditure through recording family history, individual experiences of the world, contemplation and auto-therapy to significance as a work of literature. It includes a separate sub-chapter devoted to the material aspects of keeping diaries, suggesting that the material aspect is a legitimate part of its significance (describing material aspects, the diary supports, writing tools, the material traces of a diary being used and its fate after it is no longer being kept). At the end the author shows what research into diaries as a written practice could give rise to a new way of recording cultural history. He also draws attention to the increasing importance of private, family and public archives which keep personal documents such as diaries.
5

War and its records (on wartime diaries)

100%
Rodak P.
Teksty Drugie (Second Texts)
|
2005
|
issue 6(96)
33-45
EN
This text proposes an analysis of wartime diaries using a concept whereby diary is approached on a broader basis than just as a text, namely, as a writing praxis of one's everyday life, having three essential dimensions to it: existential-pragmatic, material, and textual. In all those dimensions, war exerts a critical impact on what shape the practice of keeping a diary takes. The existential-pragmatic facet primarily includes the various motivations for one to write down his or her diary (be it existential, social, historical, or pragmatic). Whilst being testimonies to the times of violence, killing, and annihilation, wartime diaries simultaneously become existential acts keeping up the space of what is human, in the face of the inhuman. Seen from the material angle, wartime diaries disclose their specificity both as regards their carriers (such as using some utilitarian 'carriers' of the printed word, such as pieces of packaging, labels, forms) and their look or physical shape (mutilations, gaps, destroyed or lost diaries). The textual dimension of wartime diaries is only mentioned in this article, as part of polemic with Jacek Leociak's book titled 'Tekst wobec Zaglady'. In the final section, the author indicates the way in which a contact or clash occurs, in all the three dimensions of wartime diaries (i.e. pragmatics, text, and diary's materiality), between the common and the uncommon, the everyday and the unusual, the ordinary and the extraordinary, the human and the inhuman. This particular trait is treated as the decisive one in terms of wartime diary's singularity against the textual cultural world's space.
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