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1
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Homoseksualizm jako przyczyna nieważności małżeństwa według orzecznictwa roty rzymskiej i trybunałów kościelnych

100%
Gołębiowska A.
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
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2012
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vol. 32
31-47
EN
Issues concerning homosexuality is well known both in the documents of the Catholic Church, as well as in the case law of the Roman Rota and the judgments of the ecclesiastical tribunals. Currently, homosexuality is a serious social problem, psychological and legal. The issue of homosexuality more often appears in ecclesiastical tribunals, as a cause of inability of people to take the essential obligations of marriage. Homosexuality causes inability to distinguish carefully the particular subject of matrimonial consent and conduct a critical assessment of the person affected by these disorders, which is unable to transfer the rights and assume the obligations of marriage.
2
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Rozmowa psychologiczna i testy psychologiczne jako metody tworzenia opinii biegłego sądowego w sprawach o nieważność małżeństwa

100%
Gołębiowska A.
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
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2012
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vol. 31
49-68
EN
In the ecclesiastical courts, classical methods, such as psychological conversation and assessment, are used as they are considered the most valuable psychological means. The testing methods and questionnaires are of great importance to the legal expert as well. However, they do not always constitute a crucial addendum like in other psychological researches. The investigational techniques mentioned above are merely to help the legal expert to resolve his doubts. The fact that those methods are implemented does not raise the value of the final motion, even though it is important that the techniques used by the expert touch upon not only the present mental state of the person being tested but also the past.
3
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Znaczenie banku centralnego w gospodarce

100%
Gołębiowska A.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Warszawskiej im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie
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2013
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issue 2(40)
9-24
PL
Znaczenie banku centralnego dla gospodarki jest ogromne, bowiem realizuje on wiele istotnych zadań, zwłaszcza związanych z obiegiem pieniądza i zaopatrzeniem gospodarki w kredyt. Poza tym odpowiedzialny jest za dopływ do gospodarki pieniądza, jak również odpowiada za kreację przez banki komercyjne pieniądza kredytowego. Ponadto podstawowym znaczeniem banku centralnego dla gospodarki jest sprawa polityki stabilności pieniądza. Jednocześnie należy zauważyć, że bank centralny napotyka na wiele problemów, przede wszystkim na tzw. szok podażowy, który związany jest głównie z sytuacją na rynkach paliw i żywności. Z tego też względu działalność banków centralnych prowadzi do stabilności cen, ale to pociąga za sobą koszty w kwestii przejściowego obniżenia stopy wzrostu gospodarczego.
EN
The significance of the Central Bank for economy is crucial as it carries out a lot of important tasks, is particularly connected with money circulation and providing economy with loans. Besides, it is responsible for money to reach economy and for commercial banks to create loan money. Its basic function, however, is to create the policy of money stability. On the other hand, it faces numerous challenges like the so-called supply shock associated mainly with the state of fuel and food markets. Thus central banks pursue stability of prices, but this in turn generates costs concerning a temporary decrease of economic growth rate.
4
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Realizacja polityki pieniężnej banków centralnych Stanów Zjednoczonych i Wielkiej Brytanii

100%
Gołębiowska A.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uczelni Warszawskiej im. Marii Skłodowskiej-Curie
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2013
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issue 1(39)
59-72
PL
Realizacja polityki pieniężnej banków centralnych Stanów Zjednoczonych i Wielkiej Brytanii nastawiona jest na zwalczanie inflacji. Z tego też względu w polityce pieniężnej tych państw występowały zarówno okresy obniżek stóp procentowych, jak i ich podwyżek. Bywały także okresy, w których występowały mniej liczne zmiany stóp o różnym kierunku. Realizacja polityki pieniężnej Systemu Rezerwy Federalnej stanowi główny czynnik, który decyduje nie tylko o sytuacji Stanów Zjednoczonych, ale także o całej gospodarce światowej. Z kolei realizacja polityki pieniężnej Wielkiej Brytanii polega na odmówieniu członkostwa w Unii Gospodarczej i Walutowej. Przeciw temu przemawia kwestia poprawy sytuacji brytyjskich eksporterów, dla których strefa euro stanowi dość istotny rynek zbytu. Reasumując należy stwierdzić, że System Rezerwy Federalnej i Bank Wielkiej Brytanii w realizacji strategii polityki pieniężnej wykorzystują te same instrumenty polityki pieniężnej, czyli operacje otwartego rynku, stopę dyskontową i rezerwy obowiązkowe.
EN
Implementation of monetary policy of central banks of the United States and Great Britain is focused on fighting inflation. Therefore, there have been both - periods of increases and decreases in percentage rates in monetary policy of these countries. There have also been periods with less numerous bidirectional changes in percentage rates. Implementation of monetary policy of the Federal Reserve System is the main factor which determines not only the situation of the United States, but also the entire global economy. The implementation of monetary policy of Great Britain consists in refusing to join the Economic and Monetary Union, although this is still a current issue. What argues for this is the matter of improving the situation of British exporters for who the euro zone is a relatively important market. In summary, the Federal Reserve System and the Bank of Great Britain when implementing the monetary policy strategy use the same instruments of monetary policy, that is, open market operation, the discount rate and reserve requirements.
5
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Gwarancje wolności sumienia i religii w Konstytucji Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 2 kwietnia 1997 r.

100%
Gołębiowska A.
Prawo Kanoniczne
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2011
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vol. 54
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issue 3-4
333-365
PL
The systemic transformation initiated by the Roundtable talks of 1989 made it necessary for Poland to amend its constitution, including the regulations concerning the freedom of conscience and religion. Reflecting only the Catholic Church’s official positions, presents issues concerning the Catholic Church’s position on religious freedom in the individual dimension, that is, the freedom of conscience and religion. The Conference of the Polish Episcopate’s 1990-1997 positions on religious freedom in the individual dimensions contained some of the most important aspects of the teaching of the Second Vatican Council. The constitutional guarantees of religious freedom contained in the article 53 – freedom of conscience and religion – should be seen as a compromise between the principles of liberal ideology and the teachings of the Second Vatican Council. Debate’s counterparts were: the President of the Polish Republic, the Constitutional Commission of the National Assembly, the Constitutional Commissions of the two chambers of Polish Parliament: political Parties and citizens’ movements as well as individual persons. More then that, as far as this freedom touches the crucial element of the human nature, it creates in every person a deep foundation for the existence of other freedoms.
6
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Forma wykluczenia "bonum prolis" w doktrynie i orzecznictwie Roty Rzymskiej

100%
Gołębiowska A.
Ius Matrimoniale
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2012
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vol. 23
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issue 17
65-84
EN
Issues concerning the procreation and upbringing of children has always been of special concern of the Church and appeared in the regulation of rights on the basis of Marriage Canon Law. Codex of John Paul II in 1983, contains no provisions that define marriage invalid because of the exclusion of offspring. The decision of the Roman Rota that it evokes the title of the exclusion of offspring, as a second source of nullity of marriage. The Roman Rota judges stress that the positive act of will contrary to the essential purpose of marriage, which is the procreation and education of offspring has the same effect as a condition contrary to the essence of marriage. At the focus issues of jurisprudence in the form of exclusion of children received the case law of the Roman Rota, which have the competence of the interpretation of the law.The Roman Rota judges indicate that the selected candidates must demonstrate evidence that the person containing marriage ruled out having children forever, or postponed the decision to have children at some time, but with the indication of the circumstances, the reasons for its decision. Decisions given by the Roman Rota Tribunals show all the particular Churches of significant occupational exposure limits and terms. In addition, a major source of knowledge of canon law. Thus, marriage invalidly contains one who in a certain way limits the marital consensus or a positive act of will exclude the offspring by avoiding the conception or by abortion or kill the unborn child.
7
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Geneza kan. 1095 Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego Jana Pawła II

100%
Gołębiowska A.
Prawo Kanoniczne
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2010
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vol. 53
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issue 3-4
143-159
PL
In the article, the contemporary interpretations of the can. 1095 of the new Code Of Canon Law, which undergone several modifications, were shown. Both the issue of formulating the definitions of mental disorders in the canonical law and the question of “lack of capacity” and psychological capacity for assuming the essential obligations of marriage (as defined by the Church) were explained. Moreover, various opinions of authors on capacity to enter into marriage were presented. Some research on psychological causes which make a person not able to assume the essential obligations of marriage were pointed out. At the same time, there is an explanation of the purpose of marriage according to the teachings of the Second Vatican Council, which resulted in the extension of the list of causes due to which the declaration of nullity might be applied for.
8

Encefalopatia jako przyczyna nieważności małżeństwa w świetle wyroków trybunałów kościelnych

100%
Gołębiowska A.
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2013
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vol. 23
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issue 2
73-92
EN
From the analysis of the cases for the annulment of a marriage result that encephalopathy as a personality disorder causes a serious lack of discretionary judgment concerning the essential matrimonial rights and obligations mutually given and accepted (can. 1095 CIC No. 2 of 1983) and the inability of people to take up and fulfill the essential obligations of marriage (can. 1095 CIC No. 3 of 1983). In the judgments of ecclesiastical tribunals Judging College, opinions can be found which point to a defective functioning of personality traits, in this specific case of encephalopathic personality, which is a consequence of damage to the central nervous system. Disturbed encephalopthic personality does not always automatically lead to the inability of people to take the essential obligations of marriage, yet its impact on the psyche and consequently the ability to make a covenant marriage is quite significant as evidenced by studies of psychiatric and religious processes. This article presents decisions of the ecclesiastical courts which show that the disturbances caused by encephalopathy result in the inability to create positive and lasting marriages. In addition, people with this type of personality were not able to give valid consent, despite the declared willingness to persevere in marriage and made promises to change their current behavior.
9
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Increase in the Internetization of economic processes, economic, pandemic and climate crisis as well as cybersecurity as key challenges and philosophical paradigms for the development of the 21st century civilization

63%
Prokopowicz D., Gołębiowska A.
Journal of Modern Science
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2021
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issue 2/47/2021
307-344
EN
During the pandemic, there was also an increase in the general social pro-environmental awareness of citizens and the possibility of accelerating the processes of pro-ecological transformation of the classic economy to a zero-emission, sustainable, green circular economy has opened up. Due to the growing importance of environmental policy and the increase in the scale of the implementation of the sustainable development goals, the probability of a global climate crisis that might appear at the end of the current 21st century has been reducing.
10
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The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Growing Importance of Cybersecurity of Data Transfer on the Internet

51%
Such-Pyrgiel M. K., Gołębiowska A., Prokopowicz D.
Polish Political Science Yearbook
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2022
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issue 3 (51)
81-95
EN
Information technologies, ICT and Industry 4.0 are developing particularly fast in the fourth technological revolution. During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been an increase in the scale of digitisation and internationalisation of remote communication processes and various aspects of economic activity. Digitisation of the economy is currently taking place simultaneously in many areas of economic processes and the functioning of many economic entities and public, financial and other institutions. Many companies, enterprises and public institutions that previously operated mostly or solely offline during the pandemic have switched to remote, electronic operation via the Internet. The development of electronic banking is also increasing, including internet and mobile banking. The share of electronic, cashless payments via the Internet and payments with electronic bank cards is increasing. In addition, in recent years, the range of applications of Data Science, Big Data, and Data Analytics technologies in economics, finance and organisation management, including enterprises, financial and public institutions, has been increasing. Therefore, the importance of implementing analytical instruments for advanced processing of large Data Science data sets in enterprises, financial and public institutions is also growing, including the construction of Big Data Analytics platforms to support organisation management processes in various aspects of operations, including improvement relationship with customers. The scale of cybercrime has also increased during the pandemic, as has the importance of improving cybersecurity techniques and instruments.
11
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Pierwsza odsłona politycznej i militarnej batalii o Górny Śląsk. I powstanie śląskie w polskich szkolnych podręcznikach historii XXI wieku

51%
Białokur M., Gołębiowska A., Gołębiowski D., Hojka Z., Ruchniewicz M.
Zaranie Śląskie. Seria druga
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2023
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vol. 9
143-165
EN
School history education, despite many variables affecting its shape and character, is still very much based on the oral transmission of the teacher and on textbooks. Examination of the content provided by individual teachers behind the closed doors of the classrooms in which they work with students is practically impossible on a larger scale. The situation is different with regard to school history textbooks, which, first of all, have been developed on the basis of the core curricula announced by the minister of education and science. Secondly, they are reviewed by experts specially appointed for this purpose. Thirdly, they are publicly available, and thus can be comprehensively assessed. The described conditions allow for the assessment of particular events from the past, including the first political and military battle for Upper Silesia, with particular emphasis on the First Silesian Uprising of 1919. The events of August of that year occupy a place adequate to the role and importance they had in the process of shaping the borders of the Polish state after World War I in the pages of textbooks that have been used in the Polish schools for over twenty years. For obvious reasons, they occupy much more space in textbooks for secondary schools, which also contain more iconographic materials and instructions for students. In conclusion, it should be stated that most of the textbooks analyzed enable the students to learn the most important facts about the genesis, course and significance of the uprising.
PL
Szkolna edukacja historyczna, pomimo wielu zmiennych wpływających na jej kształt i charakter, wciąż bardzo mocno opiera się na przekazie ustnym nauczyciela oraz podręcznikach. Zbadanie treści przekazywanych przez poszczególnych nauczycieli za zamkniętymi drzwiami klas lekcyjnych jest praktycznie niemożliwe do zrealizowania w większej skali. Inaczej wygląda sytuacja w odniesieniu do szkolnych podręczników do historii, które, po pierwsze – zostały opracowane na bazie ogłaszanych przez ministra edukacji i nauki podstaw programowych; po drugie – są recenzowane przez specjalnie powoływanych w tym celu ekspertów; a po trzecie – są ogólnodostępne, a przez to możliwe do kompleksowej oceny. Opisane uwarunkowania pozwalają na ocenę poszczególnych wydarzeń z przeszłości, a wśród nich pierwszej odsłony politycznej i militarnej batalii o Górny Śląsk ze szczególnym akcentem położonym na I powstanie śląskie z 1919 roku. Wydarzenia z sierpnia tegoż roku na kartach podręczników, z których korzystano i korzysta się w polskich szkołach od ponad 20 lat, zajmują miejsce adekwatne do roli i znaczenia, jakie odegrały w procesie kształtowania się granic państwa polskiego po I wojnie światowej. Z oczywistych względów znacznie więcej miejsca zajmują w podręcznikach przeznaczonych dla szkół ponadpodstawowych, w których znalazło się również więcej materiałów ikonograficznych oraz poleceń dla uczniów. Konkludując, należy stwierdzić, że z większości poddanych analizie podręczników uczniowie mogą dowiedzieć się najważniejszych rzeczy dotyczących genezy, przebiegu oraz znaczenia powstania.
12
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Local government in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997

38%
Gołębiowska A.
Ius Novum
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2015
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vol. 9
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issue 2
25-43
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