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EN
The article presents the results of a study of proactive coping in its relationships with age, gender and education. The concept of proactive coping contains the aspect of time in the sense of involving steps that are to precede the situations to be coped with. In the sample of 172 subjects, the differences were studied between groups defined by the above factors. The results show age-related differences in proactive coping where older people compared with younger ones prefer proactive coping more often, and women compared with men seek instrumental support coping strategy more often. Comparison of groups of adults who study and who do not study does not show significant differences among strategies of coping used.
EN
The integrated person is defined by Rogers as unified within him/herself at all levels and with low discrepancy between the present self and the desired self. Optimal functioning of a person occurs when the various aspects of a person are integrated into a relatively harmonious organization. This paper presents a research study where relationships between the level of personal psychological integration and proactive coping, self-esteem, neuroticism and openness to experience in non-therapeutic settings (n = 55 administrative workers) are studied. The authors found that the highly integrated persons are more proactive, have more positive self-esteem and are less neurotic. The relationship between psychological integration and openness was not confirmed.
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