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Refleksyjność jako zasada i problem teorii społecznej

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Halas E.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
|
2011
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vol. 47
|
issue 2(188)
191-202
EN
This sketch presents important conceptions of reflectivity - including those of Anthony Giddens and Niklas Luhmann - as well as the developmental stages of the new interest in reflectivity, as opposed to reflection, on the grounds of sociology, and through sociology - in other social sciences as well. Subsequently, attention is drawn to radical reflectivity. Social theory based on the latter is a praxis theory, formulating opinions and beliefs, the propagation of which should lead to their confirmation as a result of their reflexive influence on social reality. Reflectivity is also a principle of relational social epistemology, which implies the necessity of analyzing various relational dimensions of the subject, as well as knowledge understood as a social process. The principle of radical reflectivity leads to pursuit of social theory as a multidimensional criticism of forms of knowledge and models of thinking about the world hitherto existing in European culture. In this search for critical distance, theology has also drawn the interest of reflective social theory.
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CULTURAL SOCIOLOGY: TRADITION AND NEW PERSPECTIVES (Socjologia kulturowa: tradycja i nowe perspektywy)

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Halas E.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
|
2009
|
vol. 45
|
issue 2(180)
195-205
EN
The new programme of cultural sociology (as distinguished from sociology of culture) on the one hand, and cultural studies on the other, constitute a point of reference for an analysis of contemporary relevance of Florian Znaniecki's culturalism and his theory of cultural systems. Znaniecki's rejection of the terms of 'society' and 'culture' in general was associated with the transition to studies of the dynamics of cultural systems. The article shows the fundamental difference in the aims realized by praxis-oriented cultural studies, as well as studies of radical changes in culture (the cultural turn), in regard to the programme of cultural sciences. The links between modern cultural sociology, including strong programme of cultural sociology, and Znaniecki's culturalism are emphasized. This culturalism radically differs both from anthropological culturalism and from political culturalism, which leads to a policy of multiculturalism. One of important principles, common for modern cultural sociology and Znaniecki's culturalism, is the principle of autonomy of culture in regard to social systems. Arguments in favour of further development of the philosophy of culturalism and cultural theory in the sense proposed by Znaniecki are presented.
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