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EN
The subject of this paper is a typological classification of the acanthus ornamentation of the Czech manuscripts from the 14th – 15th centuries. The definition of the four types of Czech acanthus ornaments is studied in relation to their genesis and their sources in the illumination in Bohemia, Italy and Western Europe. The ornamentation of the manuscripts of the followed period is confronted with its resources and parallels in the contemporary sculpture and applied arts. The modifications of the types of acanthus is followed in the context of the relations of the Prague workshops with the regional production in the Czech Lands and also from the standpoint of their possible influence on the evolvement of acanthus ornament in the illumination of the Western and Central Europe of the 15 and early 16th centuries. The paper deals also with the possibilities of the content interpretation of the ornament decoration of the Medieval manuscripts and offers other questions and problems to be solved in the further study of this theme.
EN
The paper analyses book and illumination production in the central part of the South West Bohemia. The theme is studied on the basis of the material preserved in the region but also in connection with the production of the exiled artists and those living out of the region. The chronological criterion is combined with the typological analysis, cultural historical context (with includes also an analysis of the utilitarian bellow the average production). The regional production has been compared to the Central European illumination of the period.
EN
The paper studies the typology of the initials following the way of construction of their corpus in the mutual ties in the development – departing from the late antique, considering the Byzantine and Pre-Romanesque and Romanesque types. The modifications of the initials are studied together with the changes of their function in the decoration system and in the cultural-historical context. The contribution also studies the changes of the terminology connected with the typology of the initials.
EN
The paper is engaged with a definition of the typology and modifications of the caligraphic initials, compared with the typology of painted initials, and also with a comparative study of the terminology used in different languages for the specific compositions. The interest is also focused on relations among countries, regions and workshops that participated in the transformations of the caligrafic initials. The subject is studied on a broad period, from the Late Antiquity till the 16th century, but without a typology of fleuronée, only compositions of the body of the initials have been taken into consideration.
EN
The paper focuses on the classification of the types of the Gothic illuminated initials in the manuscripts from 1250s to 16th century. The theme is studied in the context of the (Pre)Romanesque starting points and parallels in the Italian 15th century Renaissance illumination. The study also concretizes relations among Parisian workshops active in the 13th century, Italy and Central Europe, mainly in the 13th and 14th centuries as well as it indicates the importance of the scriptoria active in Bohemia under the Luxembourg dynasty for the evolution of the initials types in the Central Europe in the period before and after the Hussite wars, from the point of view of the relation of the centre to the production of the subordinate countries of the Bohemian Crown and to adjoining countries.
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