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1

Wyżywienie żołnierzy armii rosyjskiej na przełomie XIX i XX wieku

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Legieć J.
Wrocławskie Studia Wschodnie
|
2011
|
vol. 15
121 - 140
EN
From the times of Tsar Peter I until as late as the early 1870s privates in the Russian army received money for food through their regimental commanders. Insufficient funds and wide-spread embezzlement meant that the soldiers were often hungry. In 1871 the system was completely overhauled. From then on the soldiers’ meals were managed on the level of company (infantry unit, squadron, battery). From the army warehouses soldiers were given bread or flour to bake it as well as groats. In addition, the unit’s commander received money to buy meat and other products. Until 1908 soldiers in the Russian army were issued alcohol rations, though in comparison with previous periods they received alcohol very rarely and in small quantities. In 1908 alcohol rations were abolished and replaced with daily rations of tea and sugar. Under this system, the size and quality of meals could differ, depending on the type of army unit, the location of its quarters or, finally, the resourcefulness and integrity of the unit’s commander. Generally speaking, however, the soldiers’ food in the Russian army improved considerably and most soldiers ate better food than they had before their conscription.
2
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Więzienie w Kielcach w czasie powstania styczniowego

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Legieć J.
Res Historica
|
2015
|
issue 39
EN
During the January Uprising in Kielce region fierce fighting took place. Therefore prison in Kielce, a provincial prison in poviat has become one of the most important places of imprisonment in the Polish Kingdom. In this prison were collected political prisoners from across the southern part of the government of Radom. This text is an attempt to present - on the basis of archival documents and the memories of prisoners - the conditions prevailing at that time in Kielce prison and the impact that the plight of the prisoners have people supervising their stay in prison, especially military chief General Onufry Czengery.
PL
W czasie powstania styczniowego na terenie Kielecczyzny toczyły się zacięte walki. W związku z tym więzienie w Kielcach z prowincjonalnego zakładu karnego w mieście powiatowym stało się jednym z ważniejszych miejsc odosobnienia w Królestwie Polskim. Koncentrowano w nim więźniów z całej południowej części guberni radomskiej. Tekst niniejszy jest próbą przedstawienia – w oparciu o dokumenty archiwalne i relacje więźniów – warunków panujących w tym czasie w kieleckim więzieniu i wpływu, jaki na los więźniów miały osoby nadzorujące ich pobyt w więzieniu, zwłaszcza naczelnik wojenny generał Onufry Czengery.
3

Bitwa pod Komarowem w historiografii rosyjskiej (do 1941 r.) / Битва при Комарове в российской историографии межвоенного периода (до 1941 г.)

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Legieć J.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia
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2015
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vol. 68
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issue 1-2
35-51
RU
Битва, которая произошла во второй половине августа 1914 в окрестностях Замостья была одним из самых крупных и кровопролитных сражений на Восточном фронте в первые месяцы Первой мировой войны. Польская историография - за австрийской - называет ее „Битвой при Комарове”, а российские историки называют эту битву „Томашовском сражением”. По политическим причинам, долгосрочно доступ к российским источникам имели только советские историки. Польские историки описивали это сражение главным образом на основе австрийских материалов. Этот текст является попыткой воссоздать образ битвы в русской историографии - так советской, как и эмиграционной - по 1941 год. В это времия написано о „Томашовском сражении” несколько книг и статей - крупных и мелких. Их авторы хотели не только воссоздать ход военных событий, но и использовать опыта Первой мировой войны в планировании будущих военных операций.
4
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Bitwa pod Komarowem w historiografii rosyjskiej (do 1941 r.)

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Legieć J.
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia
|
2013
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vol. 68
EN
There is no abstract available for this language
PL
Artykuł nie zawiera abstraktu w języku polskim
5
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Ukraińskie przygotowania wojskowe do „wyprawy kijowskiej”

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Legieć J.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
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2001
|
vol. 73
5-23
EN
On the turn of 1919/1920 the Polish-Ukrainian negotiations began. They led to the completion of bilateral allians in April 1920. Its consequence was the common military action in Ukraine. During the preparations to that action the Ukrainian side started to organize troops consisted of the Ukrainian prisoner of war and interned persons, the stayed on territory controled by the Polish army. The above article tries to reconstruct the process of troops formation and to show conditions, that decided about the actions’ efectiveness. The Ukrainians succeded to complete two staff managed infantry divisions with the Polish assistance. The 6th infantry division under command of collonel Marek Bezruczko and the VIth reserve brigade were formed in Brest on Bug. And the 2nd infantry division under command of collonel Ołeksander Udowyczenko and the IInd reserve brigade were formed in the region of Kamieniec Podolski. All the units consisted together of 5000 soldiers. Lack of people disturbed the further extension of troops. The was the reason why the tropps could not play any significant role during the military action in Ukraine. However both organized in Poland divisions were well trained, armed and equipted. They distingushed themselves among the other troops of Ukrainian Peoples Republic during all the campaign in 1920.
6
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Środowisko ukraińskie w Ameryce Północnej wobec wydarzeń w Europie w latach 1938-1940

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Legieć J.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
|
1998
|
issue 62
99-110
FR
L’article ci-dessous concerne les relations du milieu ukrainien en Amérique du Nord face au mouvement ukrainien d’indépendance et aux événements en Europe dans les années 1938-1940. Les nationalistes d’extrême et d’hetman possédaient les plus grandes influences politiques en Amérique du Nord. Après avoir obtenu l’autonomie l’Ukraine d’hors des Carpathes (excepté de l’aide financière) ils essayaient de s’engager aux affaires européennes. Les organisations ukrainiennes agissant dans le continent américain ont comm encé l’offensive de propagande. Ils ont protégé les activités aggresives des hitleriens en Europe de l’Est, mais l’enthousiasme a refroidit au printemps de 1939, en tant qu’une conséquence de l’envahissement hongrois de l’Ukraine d ’hors de Carpathes. Après l’éclat de la deuxième guerre mondiale les Ukrainiens américains liaient leurs plans de l’indépendance à la victoire des alliés d’Ouest. Après la défaite de la France cette perspective s’est éloignée. Les communistes ukrainiens ont estimé autrement des événements des années 1939/1940 - ils ont accepté avec l’enthousiasme le fait d’inclure des territoires de l’Ukraine de l’Ouest à la République Socialiste Soviétique d’Ukraine.
7
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Polsko-ukraińskie rokowania rozejmowe w czerwcu 1919 roku

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Legieć J.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Historica
|
1999
|
issue 65
69-81
EN
This article attempts to explain the circumstances, the course and the results of the truce talks aiming at finishing the Polish-Ukrainian war. Those talks were the results of the policy of the leaders of both nations - Józef Piłsudski and Symon Petlura, who tried to close the conflict and to conclude a Polish-Ukrainian antibolshevic alliance. Both sides met in Lvov on June 7th and as the result of that meeting they signed the armistice on June 16th which, according to their hopes, should have become an entrance to the further talks about the alliance. Unfortunately the agreement was torpedoed by the leaders of the Ukrainians from Galicia, whose army was in that time in offensive against the Polish troops. Due to that fact the truce talks failed for the time being. The very signation of the agreement was however not an effect of the success of the Ukrainian army, but a part of a wider Polish political plan. In spite of the failure of that attempt the Polish-Ukrainian talks were continued and the conflict never broke back in the similar scale.
8
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Żołnierzy-Polaków wrażenia z podróży na front wojny rosyjsko-japońskiej

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Legieć J.
Studia z Historii Społeczno-Gospodarczej XIX i XX Wieku
|
2017
|
vol. 17
113-125
EN
In the Russian-Japanese war in 1904–1905 about 50,000 Polish soldiers took part in the ranks of the Russian army. During the journey to the front of the Trans-Siberian Railway they had the opportunity to see Siberia for the first time. In letters to relatives and loved ones, they described their impressions of this trip. Unfortunately, very few of them have been preserved in the original, but fortunately many of them were reprinted by the Polish press during the war. Thanks to this, we can see what Polish soldiers remembered about this journey. The soldiers, mostly peasants, described the Siberian nature – mountains, forests, rivers, climate, Siberian cities and villages, the appearance and customs of their inhabitants. Separate fragments were also devoted to local food and prices of food products that increased significantly during the war. A lot of space is also occupied by descriptions of the Trans-Siberian Railway itself, especially bridges and tunnels that made a great impression on the soldiers. A separate place in the letters is occupied by fragments concerning the attitude of the soldiers themselves, religious life and meetings with the Poles living in Russia.
9
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Przedsiębiorczość jako sposób adaptacji zesłańców postyczniowych na Syberii Zachodniej

63%
Mulina S. A., Legieć J.
Przegląd Nauk Historycznych
|
2020
|
vol. 19
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issue 2
141-161
EN
The authors analyze the entrepreneurial activity of the exiled participants of the January Uprising in Western Siberia and its role in the process of their adaptation. Also, the authors identify strategies for the success of Polish entrepreneurs, as well as features of the functioning of the business of Polish exiles in Siberia. It is concluded that Polish entrepreneurship in Siberia did not have a pronounced ethnic character.
PL
W artykule autorzy analizują działalność gospodarczą zesłanych uczestników powstania styczniowego na Syberii Zachodniej i jej rolę w procesie ich adaptacji. Przedstawiono strategie zakładania i rozwoju przedsiębiorstw prowadzonych przez polskich zesłańców oraz cechy charakterystyczne dla ich funkcjonowania. Autorzy dochodzą do wniosku, że polska przedsiębiorczość na Syberii nie miała wyraźnego charakteru etnicznego.
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