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Nitrosvětské účely, transcendentní motiv

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Frei J.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
|
2009
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vol. 57
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issue 4
507-521
EN
The victim is a central theme in Patočka’s late philosophy. Patočka first presented his conception of the victim in a house-seminar in 1973; even then it provoked a discussion which pointed to certain problematic features. This article works with the assumption that it is the unexplicated religious implications of the concept of victim that constitute the core problem. The author attempts to show that, in Patočka’s non-religious interpretation, the victim loses the “two-way” character of the religious concept. It is this character which enables it to fulfill a particular wordly aim, while being directed beyond the human. In Patočka’s conception (at least in its most radical formulation) a victim can only have one determination, and it is not clear how victims can be sacrificed for a worldly aim while going beyond the level of worldly entities. A solution to this problem is sought in Jaspers’ conception of conditionless behaviour; this allows us to distinguish between behaviour itself, which can be part of the economy of wordliness, and its motive, which can, at the same time, transcend the sphere of worldly motivation.
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Distance od jsoucna, poslání ke jsoucnu : K Patočkovu negativnímu platonismu a některým jeho interpretacím

100%
Frei J.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
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2017
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vol. 65
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issue 6
873-886
EN
This article focuses on Patočka’s conception of “negative Platonism”; it proceeds from Patočka’s study of the same name and looks to several other texts which have originated in connection with that study. First of all, it offers a brief résumé of the key points of Patočka’s conception (the experience of freedom, the conception of idea, the relation between idea and objecthood). Next, it summarises and comments on the main thoughts of Rezek’s, Kouba‘s and Hejdánek’s reflections and critiques of the conception (with a look at some other interpretations). With their help, the inner contradiction of Patočka’s conception is demonstrated, in which idea should remain purely negative, and yet be a calling to the world, enabling true discourse about beings. In conclusion the author of the paper puts forward the suggestion that it was this contradictory nature that led Patočka to abandon his “negative Platonism”.
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