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1
100%
Diametros
|
2005
|
issue 6
265-267
PL
Niniejszy tekst nawiązuje do debaty Instytucjonalizacja moralności w działalności gospodarczej , która odbyła się na forum ICF Diametros w dniach 23 – 25 września 2005. Wybór tekstów z tejże debaty został zamieszczony w niniejszym wydaniu ICF Diametros w dziale Dyskusje.
EN
In statistical quality control objects are alternatively rated. It is of interest to estimate a fraction of negatively rated objects. One of such applications is a quality control provided by Supreme Chamber of Control (NIK) to find out a percentage of abnormalities in the work among others of tax offices. Mathematical details of experimental designs for alternatively rated phenomena are given in Karliński (2003). There are given requirements for sample sizes, numbers of negative rates, accuracy of estimation and error risks. In the paper, some statistical properties of given plans are investigated.
EN
In statistical quality control objects are alternatively rated. It is of interest to estimate a fraction of negatively rated objects. One of such applications is a quality control provided by Supreme Chamber of Control (NIK) to find out a percentage of abnormalities in the work among others of tax offices. Mathematical details of experimental designs for alternatively rated phenomena are given in Karliński (2003). Zieliński (2010b) investigated statistical properties of those experimental designs. In the paper, the application of the shortest confidence intervals for fraction in experimental designs is shown. Those intervals were proposed by Zieliński (2010a).
PL
In the article the author attempts first to set down and then to take a position with respect to selected themes that were considered in a discussion about the condition of philosophy and its social status. The basis of his declaration is the conviction that the philosophy, cultivated professionally, systematically, and methodically in university classrooms, and later recorded in specialized, scored journals, has the task of relating its own theoretical achievements to the experience of a simple philosophizing person, and that this task is important for both parties of the above relationship. The choice of a philosophy is not morally indifferent; it is derivative from an axiological decision that binds the one who makes the choice with those on whom the consequences of his decision have an effect. A philosophy that wants to be morally significant cannot shun responsibility for this choice.
PL
W modelu regresji liniowej stosowane są dwie miary wpływu zmiennych niezależnych na zmienną zależną: współczynnik determinacji i współczynik korelacji cząstkowej. W pracy zaproponowane jest uogólnienie tych miar i skonstruowana jest miara wpływu grupy zmiennych niezależnych z wyłączeniem wpływu pozostałych zmiennych niezależnych.
EN
In a model of linear regression two measures of fit are used: coefficient of determination and coefficient of partial correlation. A generalization of those measures is proposed and a measure of influence of a group of independent variables excluding an influence of remaining variables is constructed.
EN
Consider a finite population. Let qÎ(0,1) denotes the fraction of units with a given property. The problem is in interval estimation of q on the basis of a sample drawn due to the simple random sampling without replacement. In the paper three confidence intervals are compared: exact based on hypergeometric distribution and two other based on approximations to hypergeometric distribution: Binomial and Normal. It appeared that Binomial based confidence interval is too conservative while the Normal based one does not keep the prescribed confidence level.
7
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Moralność i etyka w działalności gospodarczej

100%
Diametros
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2005
|
issue 6
129-134
PL
Głos w debacie: Instytucjonalizacja moralności w działalności gospodarczej
EN
A multinomial distribution (-1, π1), (0, π2), (1, π3), π1 + π2 + π3 = 1 is observed. Suppose that n1 values -1, n2 values 0 and n3 values 1 (n = n1 + n2 + n3) were observed. The construction of the confidence region for the vector (π1, π2, π3) is given. Theoretical considerations are illustrated by an example of the results of a pool.
Filo-Sofija
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2011
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vol. 11
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issue 2-3(13-14)
675-688
EN
Article shows, that the practical philosophy of Władysław Tatarkiewicz – especially from his Analysis of Happiness – can be important for the contemporary acting man, which is living always in the own world of the life. In the introduction, author explains the title, assumptions and character of his ethical analysis. Next part shows the subjective perspective of the author’s statement. This is a statement from the work with students of non-philosophical directions. Students’ postulates and questions to ethics, answers of Tatarkiewicz, generalizations and next questions from author – these are the next parts of article. In the conclusion, author writes about his own philosophy, which can be recommended as a little practical philosophy. It is a philosophy for everyday life, philosophy useful in microscale of the moral experience. Across such philosophy, Tatarkiewicz can be an intimate author for more than one his reader.
11
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Krytyczny racjonalizm w etyce życia gospodarczego

100%
Diametros
|
2005
|
issue 5
98-115
PL
W artykule podjęto próbę metaetycznego odniesienia się do problematyki etyki życia gospodarczego. Krytyczny racjonalizm, pojmowany tu z jednej strony – metaprzedmiotowo – jako program metodologiczny filozofii i nauki, z drugiej strony zaś – przedmiotowo – jako określona zasada moralna, kładzie duży nacisk na doświadczenie społeczne jako rodzaj empirycznego sprawdzianu teorii formułowanych w obrębie nauk humanistycznych i społecznych, a zatem także rozwiązań normatywnych proponowanych w ramach etyki życia gospodarczego. Szczegółowe zagadnienia problemowe, jakie pojawiają się w tym kontekście, dotyczą m.in.: (a) teorio-społecznych przesłanek etyki życia gospodarczego, (b) związków problemowych opisowo uprawianej ekonomii z normatywnymi aspiracjami etyki ogólnej, (c) zasad kwalifikacji działań podejmowanych w szeroko pojętej sferze gospodarczej jako działań o charakterze moralnym, (d) operacyjnej skuteczności normatywów formułowanych z poziomu etyki życia gospodarczego, (e) możliwości projektowania ramowych postaw moralnych ludzi gospodarujących itd. Rozważenia wyżej wymienionych zagadnień dokonano w oparciu o krytyczną, wyzyskującą lekturę prac promotora krytycznego racjonalizmu Karla R. Poppera oraz prac Jürgena Habermasa, jako przedstawiciela krytycznej teorii społecznej. Rolę niebagatelną, choć ulokowaną jedynie w tle niniejszej analizy, odgrywa dorobek twórcy i organizatora polskiej socjologii instytucjonalnej Floriana Znanieckiego. A to z racji pozostawionej przezeń koncepcji współczynnika humanistycznego, jako ważnego klucza do badań zjawisk społecznych.
EN
This article is an attempt at a meta-ethical description of ethics in economic life. First of all, critical rationalism is understood in a meta-objective sense, as a methodological program of philosophy and science; next, it is treated in an objective way as a definite moral principle. This emphasises social experience as a kind of empirical test of theories within the arts and social sciences; therefore, this also confirms standard solutions suggested in the ethics of economic life. Specific issues which arise in this context include the following: (a) the sociological (social theory) premises of ethics in economic life, (b) the relationships between issues of descriptive economics and the prescriptive aims of general ethics, (c) the principles of qualifying acts within the economic sphere (in the broadest sense of the term) as ethical acts, (d) the operational efficacy of standards formed on the level of the ethics of economic life, (e) the possibility of predicting ethical behaviour patterns in people working in economics. The analysis of the above issues is based on a critical reading and exploitation of the works of Karl R. Popper, the promoter of critical rationalism, as well as Jürgen Habermas, an exponent of critical social theory. Another important source (which is used only marginally, however) are the works of Florian Znaniecki, the originator and organizer of Polish institutional sociology. His concept of the humane factor is treated here as a key tool in the study of social phenomena.
EN
Consider a finite population of N units. Let θ∈(0,1) denotes the fraction of units with a given property. The problem is in interval estimation of θ on the basis of a sample drawn due to the simple random sampling without re¬pla¬ce¬ment. It is of interest to obtain confidence intervals of a prescribed length. In the paper the minimal sample size which guarantees the length to not exceed the given value is calculated.
13
100%
EN
The specific international situation of Taiwan is reflected in the self-identification of its residents. The island’s population can choose between Chinese, Taiwanese and Chinese-Taiwanese national identities. The complicated history only deepens the confusion associated with the self-determination of the islanders. Their final choice may have global consequences, as it may contribute to the war of the great powers. At present, however, it is an interesting example of building a nation that needs to be exploredin order to get to know better nation building processes.
PL
Specyficzna sytuacja międzynarodowa Tajwanu znajduje swoje odbicie w samoidentyfikacji jego mieszkańców. Ludność wyspy może wybierać między tożsamością narodową chińską, tajwańską oraz chińsko-tajwańską. Skomplikowana historia tylko pogłębia zamieszanie związane z samookreśleniem się wyspiarzy. Ich ostateczny wybór może mieć globalne konsekwencje, gdyż może stać się przyczynkiem do wojny mocarstw. Obecnie jest jednak ciekawym przykładem budowy narodu, który należy zgłębić, aby lepiej poznać procesy narodotwórcze
EN
The considerations on the subject of this paper are divided into three parts. The first one relates the problems of the media to the notion of communication activity, as understood by Hamermas, that does not merely constitute an accidental element of social praxis, but is a key instrument of potential shaping of the desirable quality of this praxis in the modern society. The second part discusses the nonidentity of the multitude as status quo and pluralism as the idea that organizes the use of this multitude. This is done by means of Popper’s juxtaposition of the radically pluralistic principle of freedom in the selection of the content with the idea of critical pluralism. Finally, the third part of the analysis focuses on the capital of ideas as a certain reservoir of higher values that may also organize the everyday practice of the media, provided that the media people are willing to take advantage of this capital. This appears not to be easy given the pop cultural pressure for political digestibility and economic efficiency of the media product.
15
100%
DE
Der Autor nimmt in diesem Artikel aus der Position eines humanistischen Philosophen die Überlegung über die ethische Dimension der Kommunikation in gesellschaftlicher Mikroskala auf. In moralischer Mikroskala spielen sich menschliche Dramen ab, Intrigen werden initiiert, Lügen werden aufgetischt. In der Kommunikationssituation ist es immer wichtig, objektive und subjektive Faktoren zu berücksichtigen. Die Reflexion des Humanisten besteht aus metasachlicher Aufnahme, die das Stoppen (Vergrößern) der „Ökologie des Bewusstseins” erlaubt, also einer bewussten und freien Tat. Eine solche Einstellung ist verbunden mit axiologischer und gesellschaftlich wichtiger Dimension. Sofern es also eine Wirklichkeit der Welt gibt, hat das, was in der Mikroskala wichtig ist, auch universelle Dimension.
17
88%
|
2014
|
vol. 3
|
issue 302
EN
The article presents memories of Ryszard Zieliński.
EN
We consider the problem of interval estimation of the odds ratio. An asymptotic confidence interval is widely applied in economics, medicine, sociology, etc. Unfortunately, this confidence interval has a poor coverage probability, significantly smaller than the nominal confidence level. In this paper, a new confidence interval is proposed. Its construction requires only information on the sizes of samples and the sample odds ratio. The coverage probability of the proposed confidence interval is at least the nominal confidence level.
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