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Understanding the “footprint of state socialism” in east central European post-socialism

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Segert D.
Human Affairs
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2013
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vol. 23
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issue 3
416-428
EN
The paper outlines the debate on European state socialism as a social and political order. There are different attempts to obtain a better understanding of the core principles of this type of society and a continuing public debate on it. Following the end of the decade of the transition from “socialism to capitalism” we can observe a renewal in the debates on the “Ancient regime” and its heritage. There are different reasons for this phenomenon; these include new insights from the archives and the recent politics on history in post-socialist societies. The new “zeitgeist” following the world financial crisis of 2008 might be an additional reason. The issues that developed are discussions on the nature of state socialism, some hypotheses on the role of reformers within the changes to late socialism from the perspective of political science, and some assumptions on the methods adopted by former reform socialists after 1989.
2
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"Politics of History" as a Threat to the Internal Peace in Ukraine

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Segert D.
Central European Papers
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2017
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vol. 5
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issue 1
30–45
EN
This article examines the role of the historical narratives and of the "politics of history" in the domestic politics of Ukraine. It compares the role of emotions within nationalistic and socialist ideological discourses about history. It gives an overview on different elements of national and regional identity in the country. It enquires mainly differences in self- identification, practical language use, pluralistic religious orientations, and media use. Some of the heterogeneities emerged in the past during industrialization of Soviet Ukraine. It suggests that differentiation is not objectively given but produced and exploited by political contestation for power. A main field of political polarization consists in the politics of history. It debates the outcomes of the laws on decommunization and the responsibility both of intellectuals and politicians for the nationalization politics. At the end the article stresses the possible alternative outcomes of history politics on the stability of the Ukraine as a nation state.
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Státní socialismus nebyl jen politický mocenský vztah. Poznámky k teoretickému deficitu konceptu totalitarismu

100%
Segert D.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2009
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issue 4
709-718
EN
The author advocates the view that social and political history should join forces to research State Socialist systems. His central point is that focusing solely on the relationship between rulers and ruled, typical of the standard concept of totalitarianism, obscures the reasons for both stability and change in these systems. In order to understand the phenomena, one must comprehend which social groups viewed their interests as protected by the Socialist order. The fact that Socialist systems could not exist without being considered legitimate by relevant parts of society is demonstrated, among other things, by attempts at reform that were inspired both ‘from above’ and by parts of the critical, but loyal intelligentsia. Last but not least, the continuity of élites after 1989 demonstrates the importance of taking into account a social reality which may very well deviate from the relationships of power being proclaimed: in the late period of State Socialism, informal relationships of power and property had long since been established, and could easily be carried over into the period after the changes.
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