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Středověké plužiny Velké Británie a jejich význam pro poznání zemědělského vývoje v Českých zemích

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Dohnal M.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
|
2011
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vol. 98
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issue 4
337-357
EN
Extensive medieval and Early Modern field systems have been preserved in English countryside. The article aims at achieving synopsis on English research for the purpose of explaining similar traces of past agricultural activities in the Czech Republic. In England, majority of preserved field systems consist almost exclusively of ridge and furrow, whilst in the Czech Republic strip lynchets and field boundaries are mostly detected. However, local ridge and furrow is mentioned many times in Bohemian documentary evidence. Comparison with British field systems already helped to put Czech research into a broader context (Dohnal 2003; 2006). The author therefore recommends employing British research in explaining Bohemian archive and iconographical materials on local ridge and furrow. The article describes the main results of exploring English ridge and furrow, its appearance, date of origin, purpose and variations. Other remnants of medieval landscapes (strip lynchets) are discussed as well. Special attention is paid to ‘reversed S” shape of many medieval fields, hardly explained phenomenon related probably to complicated maneuvering with plough teams.
2
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Vývoj sídelní sítě a krajiny na dobronickém statku u Bechyně v pozdním středověku a novověku

100%
Dohnal M.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2019
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vol. 45
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issue 1
49-87
EN
The paper is based on an extraordinarily detailed record from 1572 describing the division of the Dobronice estate among sons of the late Volf Hozlauer of Hozlau. As regards settlements the document described their layout; researchers compared various records and in some villages documented that a significant number of farmsteads ceased to exist during the late Middle Ages and villages were seriously damaged during the Thirty Years’ War.
3
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Koncept polyfokálních sídel na příkladu vývoje obce Opařany na Táborsku

100%
Dohnal M.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2012
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vol. 38
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issue 2
EN
The study aims at mechanism and a date of origin of a current village of Oparany from two originály separated nuclei. The village layout is confronted with similar examples of the so called polyfocal settlement, known from Western Europe, especially England.
4
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Svědectví písemných pramenů k otázce vyměřování velkých návsí na Rakovnicku

100%
Dohnal M.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2013
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vol. 39
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issue 2
213-235
EN
The article is an analysis of documentary evidence used for testing a hypothesis of high medieval origin of large green villages in the region of Rakovník, depicted on maps from 19th century. The analysis opened new questions for future research instead of providing a clear answer to the problem.
5
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Pomístní jména, jejich stabilita a vztah k historii krajiny. Na příkladu Bernartic u Milevska

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Dohnal M.
Historická geografie (Historical Geography)
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2016
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vol. 42
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issue 1
43-82
EN
The study examines a stability of local names recorded in extraordinary rich documents from Early Modern period related to the village of Bernartice. The results of the study yield characteristics of Early Modern documentary evidence that might be to some extent generalized on national level.
6
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Utváření vesnických normových půdorysů na Olomoucku ve středověku a novověku

63%
Dohnal M., Škabrada J.
Český lid: etnologický časopis (Český lid: Ethnological journal)
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2015
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vol. 102
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issue 2
199-232
EN
The aim of the study is to evaluate the circumstances revealed by the archaeological study of extinct medieval villages whose ground plans were staked out systematically, using some of the standard schemes of the times: that is, the possible direct proportion of the area, farmed by the individual homesteads, and the expanse of the plot of yards of these homesteads, or rather the width of the yards with respect to the village square. For the initial phase of the analysis were used the available early textual and cartographical sources from areas where such research was made possible by the earlier interconnecting of information about the history of settlement that allow for studying the older stages of social structure of the communities.
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