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Facta Simonidis
|
2018
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1
243-256
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza idei społeczno-gospodarczych reprezentowanych w pierwszych latach po odzyskaniu przez Polskę niepodległości. Koncepcje, tendencje i plany gospodarcze zmierzały wtedy do zmiany istniejącego układu stosunków społeczno-gospodarczych. Oceniając dorobek gospodarczy II Rzeczypospolitej w pierwszych latach po odzyskaniu niepodległości, uwzględniono trzy elementy mające decydujący wpływ na tę ocenę. Po pierwsze, stan w jakim znalazła się Polska w dniu 11 listopada 1918 r. po blisko półtora wiekowej niewoli i zniszczeniach wojennych lat 1914-1918. Po drugie, czas w jakim zmiany zostały dokonane. Po trzecie, środki materialne, jakie Polska miała do dyspozycji, a w szczególności czy wchodziła w grę i w jakiej wysokości pomoc z zewnątrz, w tym w postaci pożyczek zagranicznych.
EN
The goal of this thesis was to synthetically present social and economic ideas in the first years after regaining independence by Poland. Economic concepts, tendencies and plans treated in general lines undoubtedly aimed at changing existing social and economic relations. Three elements must be taken into consideration while assessing economic achievements of the Second Polish Republic in the first years after regaining independence: firstly, the condition of Poland on November 11, 1918, after one hundred and twenty-three years of bondage and damage caused by the First World War; secondly, the time in which changes were made, and thirdly, financial means that Poland possessed, particularly external aid – especially in a form of foreign loans.
EN
The article exposed the legal basis of the modern economic policy of Kyiv and Warsaw and the impact of EU arrangements for this policy. In the present relations between Poland and Ukraine, Poland is becoming, in some respects, the spokesman of Ukraine in the European Union, trying to connect Ukraine with countries of Central and Western Europe. Ukraine’s political and economic situation and, above all, the possibility and willingness of the Ukrainian authorities to effectively carry out the actual rather than the declared economic reform and thereby reducing the growing disparities in the level of economic development of Poland and Ukraine will have a very big impact on the future development of Polish-Ukrainian relations. It is due to the fact that such politics has consequences for Poland, particularly in the commercial and legal issues. In this issue, the agreement regulating economic relations between the European Union and Ukraine which was concluded in Luxembourg on 14 June 1994 and the Protocol to the Agreement on Partnership and Cooperation between the European Communities and their Member States as one party and Ukraine as the other party concerning a Framework Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine is important. Hence, the role of Poland which seeks to improve the competitiveness of Ukraine within the framework of the investment in the infrastructure of the public sector, improve the business environment and strengthen the public finance sector should be emphasized. These activities are also implemented in the framework of cross-border projects undertaken by local authorities whose task is to increase the activation of their residents by improving the level of public services in the context of a general increase in the effectiveness of reforms in the financial and public sector.
EN
It is worth emphasizing that neither Adam Krzyżanowski nor Ferdynand Zweig or Edward Taylor belonged to the ruling camp, nor did they identify with it politically. Their ideas and proposals, however, did not go “unnoticed” by Minister Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski who was at that time responsible for the Polish economy. Economic policy after Józef Piłsudski’s death was not conducted in a uniform manner, which largely resulted in inability to make changes, including those requested by the liberals. On the one hand Polish economy sought to balance its expenditure and revenue and strengthen its position after a period of great crisis — a policy led by Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski, on the other — the the opinion of the military circles was that the Polish economy should be more focused on military and heavy industry. In this issue, however, there was also a lack of common solutions and a number of disputes occured between the castle group, whose representative was Kwiatkowski, and military circles.
PL
Artykuł Działalność Biskupa Stanisława Adamskiego w okresie II Rzeczypospolitej w sposób złożony przedstawia kształtowanie się koncepcji Biskupa Adamskiego po odzyskaniu przez Polskę Niepodległości. Złożona problematyka tego okresu w historii Polski skłoniła Autorów do zwrócenia szczególnej uwagi na tematykę państwa, prawa, nauki, roli Kościoła katolickiego oraz gospodarki w myśli Biskupa Stanisława Adamskiego, postaci z całą pewnością obdarzonej niezwykłymi talentami – kapłana, obywatela, społecznika, ekonomisty, senatora.
EN
The article The activity of Bishop Stanislaw Adamski in the period of the Second Polish Republic in a complex way presents the shaping of the concept by Bishop Adamski after Poland regained Independence. The complex issues of this period in Polish history prompted the authors to pay particular attention to the subject of the state, law, science, the role of the Catholic Church and the economy in the thought of Bishop Stanislaw Adamski – a figure with extraordinary talents – a priest, citizen, social worker, economist, and Senator.
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