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The analysis of liberalisation of the electricity market in Slovenia

100%
Bojnec Š., Papler D.
Managerial Economics
|
2019
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vol. 20
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issue 1
7-26
EN
The purpose of this paper has been to investigate wholesale-to-retail-sale electricity supply management in Slovenia. The rapid increase in electricity supply in Slovenia has been determined by increasing industry, public and household electricity demands. The paper analyses structures and dynamics in wholesale-to-retail supply chain structures and management that are important for purchases of electrical energy by electricity distribution retailers. By using Lorenz’s curve and Gini’s coefficient of concentration, there is found to be a relatively high degree of concentration of wholesale electricity suppliers in the delivery of electrical energy to the retail electricity distribution enterprises. Whereas the number of the wholesale electricity suppliers has increased, the great majority of them hold with relatively small market shares vis-à-vis the large traditional wholesale electricity supplier. The electricity supply by smaller electricity producers is largely based on renewable sources of energy, which also depends on the weather conditions. The empirical evidence suggests that wholesale-to-retail electricity supply structures are shifting slowly from a monopoly market structure towards greater competition with the characteristics of product differentiation and market segmentation. The regression analysis for the electricity price formation for the retail electricity distribution enterprise confirms the significance of the costs for the purchased electricity, expenses for wages and for taxes. The multivariate factor analysis confirms the importance of recognition and business trust in the wholesale-to-retail-sale electricity supply chain management.
2

THE IMPACT OF LABOR TAXATION ON JOB CREATION AND UNEPLOYMENT

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Kosi T., Bojnec Š.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2006
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vol. 54
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issue 7
652-667
EN
This paper investigates the relationship between labor taxation and labor market performance in the European Union (EU), with the special attention to the new EU member states. The impact of the labor tax wedge on employment/unemployment rates and their growth are analyzed. We employ ordinary least square (OLS) regression framework, which confirms very weak positive association between the labor taxes and the unemployment rate in the EU. The panel regression framework confirms statistically significant negative association between tax wedge on the labor costs and employment growth in the EU as a whole, though the correlation coefficient is rather small to make the conclusions. The negative impact of the labor taxation on the employment growth tends to be larger in the eight EU transition countries than in the rest of the EU.
3

EFFECTS OF GLOBALIZATION AND CORRUPTION ON THE OUTWARD FDI IN OECD COUNTRIES

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Bojnec Š., Fertӧ I.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2017
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vol. 65
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issue 3
201 – 219
EN
The paper investigates impacts of globalization and corruption-free on the outward foreign direct investment (FDI) for 22 OECD countries. The baseline model confirms the positive link of home and host country gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and Linder’s hypothesis, home and host size of GDP and its similarity, host agglomeration of multinational enterprises, common currency euro, and the negative link with geographical distance. The results for the effects of globalization and corruption-free on the outward FDI are mixed. The significant positive association pertained to home and host country economic globalization is confirmed, but the significant negative association pertained to home and host county social globalization. The significant positive association of outward FDI with the corruption-free in host country and the significant negative association with the corruption-free in home country and for corruption similarity suggest FDI outflows from low corruption-free home country to high corruption-free host country. This finding implies FDI preference for corruption-free economically globalized OECD host countries.
4

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SPENDING AND EXPORT PERFORMANCE BY THE TECHNOLOGICAL INTENSITY OF THE PRODUCTS

100%
Bojnec Š., Fertӧ I.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2014
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vol. 62
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issue 10
1065 – 1080
EN
This article examines the effects of research and development (R&D) spending on merchandise export by low, medium-low, medium-high, and high technological intensity of the products between OECD countries by panel data econometric approaches using a gravity model. R&D spending is positively associated with merchandise exports, particularly for high technological intensity products in exporting countries. R&D spending can contribute to offsets the effect of distance on merchandise export, except for low technological intensity products. R&D spending fostered catching-up in merchandise export from developing to developed OECD countries in each technological intensity of the products, particularly for high and medium low technological intensity of the products and served in successful import penetration in medium-high and medium-low technological intensity of the products. R&D spending can play important role in strategies of export-oriented industrialization by a shift of merchandise exports towards higher technological intensity of the products and in successful import penetration.
5

HUNGARIAN AND SLOVENIAN AGRO-FOOD TRADE WITH THREE MAIN EUROPEAN UNION PARTNERS

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Bojnec Š., Fertӧ I.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2007
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vol. 55
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issue 4
345-358
EN
The paper investigates revealed comparative advantages and competitiveness of the Hungarian and Slovenian agro-food trade in the three main European Union markets between 1993 and 2003. The Balassa index indicates that both countries have lost comparative advantage for a number of product groups over time. The results show that in Hungarian two-way agro-food trade the prevalence is on successful price competition and on successful quality competition. In Slovenian two-way agro-food trade the prevalence is on unsuccessful price competition and unsuccessful quality competition. The tests for consistency associations between the revealed comparative advantages and the competitiveness measures confirm similarities and differences in the results.
6

STRUCTURE AND CONVERGENCE OF AGRO-FOOD TRADE OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION DURING PRE-ACCESSION

100%
Bojnec Š., Fertӧ I.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2010
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vol. 58
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issue 7
677-689
EN
The authors analyse agro-food trade structures of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) with the European Union (EU-15) market to identify the specialisation patterns during the pre-accession using different trade indices. The analyses assess whether these patterns in the CEECs agro-food trade structures indicate convergence of the agro-food trade specialisation. They find that CEECs agro-food export has converged towards greater structural similarity with the EU-15 market, but less in high and very high quality differentiated agro-food products. This implies some of the CEECs pre-accession integration difficulties with higher valued agro-food products on the EU-15 market during adjustments and structural changes of CEECs' agro-food export patterns towards more competitive EU-15 market.
7

PRODUCTIVITY CHANGE IN SLOVENIAN AGRICULTURE DURING THE TRANSITION: A COMPARISON OF PRODUCTION BRANCHES

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Bojnec Š., Latruffe L.
Ekonomický časopis (Journal of Economics)
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2009
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vol. 57
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issue 4
327-343
EN
In this paper we investigate how Total Factor Productivity (TFP) has developed in Slovenian agriculture during the ten years of the transition for the period 1994 - 2003, and which agricultural production specializations recorded the highest TFP growth. Empirical results indicate that TFP, on average, progressed only slightly, by 1.8 percent, over the ten-year period. The decomposition of the TFP change indicates that it is mostly due to technological progress of 2.7 percent. Technical efficiency has remained rather stable on average, suggesting that farmers were able to implement the new technologies on time. Crop farms have performed the best, with a TFP progress on average by 9.5 percent solely due to technological progress. As we used a common frontier, our result indicates that crop specialization is leading the country's agricultural technology.
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