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1

DARWIN'S IDEA OF THE PURPOSEFULNESS IN NATURE.

100%
Bylica P.
Kwartalnik Historii Nauki i Techniki
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2008
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vol. 53
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issue 3-4
259-273
EN
A role of naturalism in the contemporary science is still an important issue, which is commonly discussed in the field of philosophy of science. The author is presenting the factors that are related to the origin of Darwinian theory of evolution, and are crucial for appropriate understanding the matter. Darwin used to be an advocate of William Paley's version concerning the purposefulness. At last, however, the essential part of Darwin's evolutionary concept turned out to be a negation of all previous explanations referring to God's special intervention, or guidance in the process of evolution. Elimination of such explanations is fundamental and much distinctive for modern science as methodological naturalism. A common acceptance of the discussed methodological postulate is firmly connected with the achievements of Darwin's theory. In the present paper the author is willing to show that both scientific and problematic factors were crucial for the fundamental scientific assumption.
2
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The Worldview Aspects of Theory of Evolution in the Context of Controversy on Teaching Evolution in American Public Schools

100%
Bylica P.
Zagadnienia Naukoznawstwa
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2005
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vol. 41
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issue 2(164)
167-179
EN
In the context of discussions on teaching evolution in USA the author is going to present the incompatibility of ideological implications of evolutionism with worldview neutrality of American public educational system, which is postulated in American constitutional ideal of state-church separation. He demonstrates that the theory of evolution has implications according to worldview because it answers on questions that are basic in every culture - questions of origins of life and human kind. He also demonstrates that reality and the constitutional ideal are inconsistent because the ideal is based on false, neopositivist concept of science. The author claims that philosophical assumptions of methodological and metaphysical naturalism are very important in contemporary science and evolution especially. He refers to contemporary philosophy of science to justify claim that philosophical influences on the content of scientific theories is quite natural. Yet, some American creationists still finds the relationship of science and philosophy as inappropriate. Some scientists, who claim that the theory of evolution is neural according to worldview, also believe in purely empirical picture of science. The simplified vision of science is a basis for courts decisions on teaching evolution and excluding creationist concepts from public schools. He agrees with Laudan that excluding creationists concepts from school curricula can be based on the inadequacy of empirical content of the theories. The author finds the courts argument on religious commitment of only creationists ideas and neutrality of evolution as unjustified.
3

THE NATURALISM OF SCIENCE AND THE CONFLICT BETWEEN SCIENCE AND RELIGION

100%
Bylica P.
Kwartalnik Filozoficzny
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2007
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vol. 35
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issue 2
147-159
EN
There is no doubt that the assumption of methodological naturalism is currently considered to be a necessary condition of science. The role of metaphysical naturalism in scientific studies is not so evident. In his paper the author analyzes the role played in science by both kinds of naturalism.He also tries to show how the assumptions of naturalism make the scientific and theistic visions of the world irreconcilable with one another. In this way he discusses the thesis of the impossibility of conflict between science and religion.
4

The Movement of Intelligent Project

100%
Bylica P.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
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2004
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vol. 13
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issue 2(50)
101-109
EN
The purpose of the article is to acquaint the Polish reader with the movement of the Intelligent Project. The movement aims to explain life on earth, and especially intelligent life on earth, as a result of plan executed by some supernatural intelligence. This conception is discussed at some length by presenting main exponents of the movement and their arguments. Then the author offers some reservations about scientific and philosophical quality of these views.
5

Methodological Naturalism as a Condition of Science in a Context of Relationship between Science and Religion

100%
Bylica P.
Przegląd Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria
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2004
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vol. 13
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issue 3(51)
163-175
EN
The author presents the thesis assumed by most scientists that the principle of methodological naturalism is a necessary condition of science. He also shows the role of this thesis in the context of the relationship between science and religion (by religion he means here Christianity). He tries to show that contemporary science does not leave any gaps in our knowledge that would call for any supernatural or transcendent sphere of being, postulated by religion. Christianity admits events in the history of the universe in such a way that for their explanation it is necessary to appeal to supernatural agents disrupting the order of nature. If this is so, then we can claim, he argues, that contemporary science is incompatible with Christian doctrine. The author also argues that if we assume a realist interpretation of scientific theories, formed on the basis of methodological naturalism, and if we take into consideration the role of science in contemporary culture of the Western civilisation then we should consider the scientific model of realty as making atheism a more rational option.
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