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Постмодерністський проєкт і сучасна українська література

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Polishchuk Y.

Roczniki Humanistyczne

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2020

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vol. 68

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issue 7

115-128

EN

The main subject of the research in this article is the exhaustion of postmodernism as a philosophical doctrine and aesthetical practice. Postmodernism has not became a universal phenomenon in contemporary Ukrainian literature, which is reliving the difficult process of emerging from colonial dependence. It existed in Ukraine between 1986-1991 as an answer to the worldview that was popular in the West. The end of this artistic direction the author associates with those events which took place in 2013-2014, when Ukrainian society and Ukrainian culture moved into a new phase of existence. The consequences of these events, reflected in the media, public opinion and also in literature, led to the rejection of the postulates of postmodernism. It should be said that these postulates reveal a clear dysfunctionality. The postmodernist play and general scepticism, as can be seen, can be not only a position taken by an independent, intellectual person, but also an imitation strategy that conceals a neo-imperial doctrine which is portrayed as a liberal project. Sometimes it is too difficult to distinguish one from the other. Thus, the boundaries of postmodernism are clearly defined, or more precisely, the prevalence of its basic principles are. Over time, this phenomenon has received radically different interpretations, which is why a systemic deconstruction of the whole project is required. From such a point of view, therefore, a thesis about the death of postmodernism has its reasons, especially in Eastern Europe. From the Ukrainian perspective, the characteristic crossing of time and place (Eastern Europe) has put the Western project of postmodernism into a stupor, prompting us to search for alternative worldviews and aesthetic models. However, this artistic direction can motivate modern Ukrainian intellectuals in its own way, opening up new horizons in the comprehension of this epoch.

PL

Projekt postmodernistyczny a współczesna literatura ukraińskaPrzedmiotem rozważań autora jest zanikanie postmodernizmu jako doktryny filozoficznej i jako praktyk estetycznych. Z punktu widzenia współczesnej kultury ukraińskiej, która z trudem wychodzi z cienia uzależnienia kolonialnego, postmodernizm nie stał się zjawiskiem uniwersalnym. Zaistniał w latach 1986-1991 jako odpowiedź na popularny na Zachodzie światopogląd. Zmierzch postmodernizmu autor kojarzy z wydarzeniami z lat 2013-2014, które spowodowały ukształtowanie się nowego społeczeństwa ukraińskiego i kultury narodowej. Skutki owych wydarzeń – w mediach, w opinii publicznej, ale również w literaturze – podważają postulaty postmodernizmu, które w zaistniałych okolicznościach cechuje oczywista dysfunkcyjność. Postmodernistyczna gra oraz kompletny sceptycyzm mogą być, jak się okazało, nie tylko postawą niezależnego intelektualisty, ale także strategią pozorowania, maskującą doktrynę imperialną, podającą się za projekt liberalny. Odróżnienie pierwszego od drugiego bywa trudne, a czasami wręcz niemożliwe. Zarysowuje się zatem koniec postmodernizmu – profanacji ulegają jego główne zasady, co powoduje radykalnie różne interpretacje i oznacza potrzebę dekonstrukcji całego projektu. Dlatego teza o śmierci postmodernizmu ma swoje uzasadnienie na Wschodzie Europy. Czasowa i przestrzenna perspektywa ukraińska zaprzecza postmodernizmowi w jego zachodnim ujęciom, jednocześnie pobudza do poszukiwania alternatywnych modeli światopoglądowo-estetycznych. Ta sytuacja może jednak w swoisty sposób motywować ukraińskiego intelektualistę, odkrywając nowe horyzonty poznania. Zaprzeczając postmodernizmowi, literatura przywraca swój autorytet jako instytucja społecznie zaangażowana.

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Маска „одеського бомонду”: поезія Бориса Нечерди

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Polishchuk Y.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2020

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issue 18

195-208

EN

There are analysed in the article writings of the Ukrainian poet Borys Necherda (1939-1998). He was the original writer of the generation of 1960th and made brave experiments with the artistic word. Necherda as an author balanced between the official literature and the literature of the underground. There are a lot of unconventional features in his poems such as colloquial vocabulary, elements of slang, journalism, mixing of discourses and various means of rhetoric. That was a reason that Necherda’s writings were not appreciated during his life. Only nowadays after the poet’s death we have the possibility to re-read it from new points of view. This writings evidence a process of vanguard experimenting. In an original way they present a local peculiarity of a place: the poet become the voice of the „Odessa beaumond”, choosing masks for his lyrical subject.

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Етика інтерпретації знакових текстів

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Polishchuk Y.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2022

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issue 22

407-419

EN

The main subject of the review is Mykola Ilnytskyi’s book Reading and Re-reading…, which is very important research on Ukrainian literature in contemporary humanities. The book includes four chapters in all of which fundamental interests of the researcher are described. Mykola Ilnytskyi reviews the classic texts of Taras Shevchenko, Ivan Franko ( chapter 1 ), and the literature of the first part of the 20th century ( chapter 2 ), as well as contemporary texts ( chapters 3, 4 ). This book is not an extensive view of the history of literature of the 20th century. Its main peculiarity is the delivery of important fragments and episodes of literary history. The essays combine a liberal understanding of the subject and an unobtrusive interpretation of the texts, which reflects the unique ethical culture of the researcher. Mykola Ilnytskyi is clearly aware of the multiplicity of meanings offered byfiction, and therefore does not insist on his own right to the truth, but only offers well-founded and personally verified versions of literary plots.

4

Перформативный поворот в постсоветской культуре

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Polishchuk Y.

Studia Rossica Posnaniensia

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2019

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vol. 44

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issue 2

113-126

RU

The author of the article considers the elements of performance in the literary works of the post-Soviet period. His attention is focused on three East Slavic nations, whose literatures belonged to the area of “Soviet literature” for a long time. It is noted that the implementation of the elements of performance into the culture confirms the radical renewal of literary discourse and creation of new national narratives.

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Юрій Винничук, Аптекар: роман , Фоліо, Харків 2015, ss. 443

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Polishchuk Y.

Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe

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2017

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issue 3

211-215

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Собака як спостерігач і свідок історії (за романом Вікторії Амеліної Дім для Дома)

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Polishchuk Y., Pukhonska O.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

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2021

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issue 20

143-157

EN

The authors of the article analyze one of the contemporary Ukrainian novels – Home for Dom (Дім для Дома, 2015) of Viktoria Amelina. Original feature of the plot is that protagonist and narrator of this work is dog Dom (Dominic). Writer, using an animalistic hero, has achieved not only a success between readers but she also has founded a new version for emotional rethinking of the past. The matter is that Viktoria Amelina tried to reveal the peculiarities of individual, family, city and national memory. Dog’s perception of the past in the novel is the author’s effort to replace accents from total estimates to relative and subtle ones. Different “faces” of memory is a value which writer shows in the examples of one Lviv family history. She combines all difficult and contradictory processes of the twentieth century – wars, genocides, repression, deportation, enslavement of man and people.

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Постмодерністський проєкт і сучасна українська література

Маска „одеського бомонду”: поезія Бориса Нечерди

Етика інтерпретації знакових текстів

Перформативный поворот в постсоветской культуре

Юрій Винничук, Аптекар: роман , Фоліо, Харків 2015, ss. 443

Собака як спостерігач і свідок історії (за романом Вікторії Амеліної Дім для Дома)