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EN
Multidisciplinary excavation research carried out in recent years at the site in Bolków in Western Pomerania have brought many important and interesting results. They include materials, excavated in 2010-2011 and 2015, related to the poorly-recognized problem of Palaeolithic settlements in the Plain at the beginning of the Holocene. The paper is the first presentation of the results and an attempt to discuss them in the broader European context. The settlement cluster defined as Bolków PF/2011 is dated using the C14 radiocarbon analysis to a period of about 9900-9600 BP and represents the so-called Epiahrensburgian.
EN
The Author makes an attempt to reconstruct a Mesolithic hunters village in Bolków on the Krynickie Lake basing on specific archaeological and natural sources unearthed during many years of interdisciplinary excavation works. The plan of the village is visibly divided into two parts: 1. Assemblage of structures concentrated in an area of dense flint product occurrence (household waste heap). It consists primarily of dwelling structures and also various objects of household type: semi-subterranean structures, hearths, storage pits and flint scatters-workshops; 2. Assemblage of structures and various installations related to the beliefs, rite creation and shamanic practices. Discovered next to the sanctuary and objects connected to it were huts once inhabited by spiritual leaders and custodians of the „holy place”.
EN
The author discusses fragments of six bows unearthed during the excavations in Bolków in 2010–2016. The artefacts were found in geological layers and archaeological features dated with the 14C method to the late Preboreal and early Boreal period, i.e., ca 9620–8650 BP. The finds were analysed with respect to their morphology, raw material and method of production. Also, shoot¬ing experiments were made on copies. Finally, the work presents information about the finds of bows from other European countries as well as remarks on the place of the bow in the spiritual culture of the Mesolithic huntsmen.
EN
Abstract: This article discusses some results of excavations carried out on the Bolków site 1 at Lake Świdwie in West Pomerania in 2006-2011. In the highest part of the lake terrace platform were localized, three spatially isolated campsites linked to the Late Palaeolithic. Apart from flint artefacts, lithic ones and animal bones, there were also pit features, including a possible human cremation burial. The camps are associated with the western variety of lowland groups with tanged points, the so-called Ahrensburgian. Based on radiocarbon analysis the camps were dated respectively to the beginning of the Younger Dryas (campsite 2), middle part of the Younger Dryas (campsite 3), and the end of this period (campsite l).
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