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:Concentration and Regressivity of Social Benefits

100%
Aksman E.
Polityka Społeczna
|
2008
|
vol. 35
|
issue 2(407)
1-6
EN
The aim of this paper is to investigate concentration and regressivity of social benefits in Poland. Household Budget Surveys carried out by the Central Statistical Office in 2000-2005 is the source of data for the study. Under statistical analysis benefit concentration coefficient and benefit regressivity coefficient introduced by N.C. Kakwani are used. The empirical results demonstrate that social benefits in Poland are negatively concentrated with respect to household original income and that is why they are regressive. Benefit concentration coefficient was calculated between -0.4022 and -0.3521, while the benefit regressivity coefficient was calculated between 0.6824 and 0.7414. Benefits not covered by social insurance system are more negatively concentrated with respect to household original income and more regressive as compared with benefits covered by social insurance system. Moreover, the analysis regards redistributive effect of all benefits: the effect reached the value between -7.16% and -6.40%.
2
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The Redistributive Effect of Health Services

100%
Aksman E.
Ekonomia. Rynek, Gospodarka, Społeczeństwo
|
2004
|
issue 14
137-146
EN
The article examines the influence of health services on the household current income distribution. Household Budget Survey in 1995 and The Use of Medical Services in 1995/1996 conducted by Central Statistical Office are the main source of data. In the research sample consisting of 27,836 units health services lead to lower income inequality. Nevertheless their redistributive effect is very weak. It is mainly a consequence of their low average rate with respect to original income and low regressivity as well. What is more, the effect is reduced by the reranking effect. Additionally, calculation of Relative Benefit Share Progressivity and Relative Income Share Progressivity confirms directly that health services are de facto regressive with respect to original income, i.e. they decrease income inequality.
3

The Redistributive Effects of Social Care Programs and the Income Tax

100%
Aksman E.
Ekonomista
|
2005
|
issue 6
769-783
EN
The article presents the results of a study of the impact that payments from social care funds and income tax collection measures exert on decreasing income inequalities among society members. The analysis is based on statistical data taken from the survey of household budgets for 2000-2002, conducted by the Central Statistical Office.The results of analysis indicate that income differences were decreasing as the effect of both, social care payments and the applied income tax measures. The strength of the redistributive influence of those financial instruments is distinctly different, while social care expenditure were narrowing spreads in incomes by 10.32 %, the taxation generated similar effects on a much smaller scale, namely by 4.33%. Taken together, the composite effect of both instruments on the reduction of income differences amounted to 14.2 %.
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