Cerebral stroke, a serious complication of cardiovascular system disorders, has become an important medical issue in contemporary societies. Gait disorders in patients after stroke constitute a serious clinical challenge - every year, more than ten thousand patients become seriously disabled as a result of stroke. Locomotor disability is one of stroke’s consequences. Patients with stroke-related hemiparesis often show gait disorders. Hemiparetic gait is characterized with a number of disorders, such as a considerable asymmetry of gait phase time, i.e. step length, or limb load – the healthy leg being overloaded. These disorders result in limiting patients’ everyday activity. Therefore, objective methods of gait analysis are currently being researched. Among gait assessment methods there are clinical, or observation methods – which consist of gait description as related to the normal gait patterns; as well as quantitative, or objective methods – which consist of measuring, description and analysis of chosen parameters of human gait. The aim of the study is to characterise gait in patients with stroke-related hemiparesis, as well as to discuss the methods of its assessment.
PL
Udar mózgu, będący dramatycznym powikłaniem chorób układu naczyniowego, stanowi duży problem zdrowotny we współczesnym społeczeństwie. U pacjentów z niedowładem połowiczym po udarze mózgu występuje patologiczny wzorzec chodu. Chód hemiparetyczny cechuje się serią zaburzeń, w tym znaczną asymetrią czasu trwania faz chodu, długości kroku, obciążenia kończyn, polegającą na przeciążaniu kończyny zdrowej. Skutkuje to ograniczeniem aktywności w życiu codziennym. Ze względu na narastające znaczenie społeczne i powszechność udaru mózgu coraz częściej poszukuje się metod w zakresie analizy chodu tej grupy chorych. Wśród metod oceny chodu wyróżnia się metody kliniczne, obserwacyjne polegające na opisie chodu w odniesieniu do wzorca prawidłowego oraz metody ilościowe, obiektywne, polegające na pomiarze, opisie i analizie wybranych parametrów charakteryzujących chód człowieka. Celem pracy jest charakterystyka chodu pacjentów z niedowładem połowiczym po udarze mózgu i metod jego oceny.
Introduction. Currently, one of the most common problems in neonatology is the occurrence of distant consequences of prematurity. In infants, toddlers, and children with special problems, there can be disorders in psychomotor development and in growing, and later also intellectual and cognitive disorders. Pre-school and early-school age is particularly significant in the lives of prematurely born children. In this period, usually beside the stage of somatic growth, there is intensive physical and mental development and intellectual disorders may appear. Aim. Assessment of preterm training in motor skills and psychosocial development Materials and methods. The research group consisted of 61 prematurely born children aged 5-8. Perinatal interviews were collected and basic anthropometric measurements were performed. Results. There is no statistical significance between questionnaire results in particular areas of development, summary, age, gender, subsequent pregnancies, number of fetuses, delivery term and the type of delivery. Conclusions. The Apgar disinfectant scale differentiates the results of the indicative questionnaire on motor development research. The results of the study confirm the prognostic importance of the Apgar scale in terms of development.
Introduction and Aim: Aging of the society is a serious problem of the modern world. Elderly people often avoid physical activities which lead to sedentary lifestyle. One suitable forms of physical activity for elderly is aqua gymnastics. The aim of the study was to determine if a larger study, using the chosen methods is feasible. This study tested the hypothesis that performing a 16-week course of aqua gymnastic training would result in improved functional fitness in women aged over 60. Material and Methods: The trial included a sample of 20 women randomly selected from the 100 who responded to the application of research. The measurements such as height, weight, waistline and hip width were conducted before and after a series of exercises in water. Results: After four-month-period of exercises in water an improvement in index value was due to weight loss, a slight decrease in waistline, the basis of the Fullerton Functional Fitness and an improvement in functional efficiency of all tested women was observed. Conclusion: After 16 weeks of aqua aerobic in the group of women aged over 60 a significant functional fitness improvement was observed.
PL
Wstęp: Starzenie się społeczeństwa jest poważnym problemem współczesnego świata. Starsi ludzie często unikają aktywności fizycznej, co prowadzi do siedzącego trybu życia. Jedną z odpowiednich form aktywności ruchowej dla osób starszych jest Aqua gimnastyka. Cel pracy: Celem badania pilotażowego było sprawdzenie, czy sprawność funkcjonalna osób starszych po 16-tygodniowym udziale w Aqua gimnastyce znacząco się poprawi. W badaniu założono hipotezę; że 16-tygodniowy trening Aqua gimnastyki skutecznie zwiększy sprawności funkcjonalną kobiet w wieku powyżej 60. roku życia. Materiał i metoda: Badanie objęło 20 losowo dobranych kobiet spośród 100, które zgłosiły się do udziału w badaniach. Pomiary takie jak: wzrost, waga, obwód talii i bioder przeprowadzono przed i po serii ćwiczeń w wodzie. Wyniki: Po czteromiesięcznym okresie ćwiczeń w wodzie zaobserwowano zmianę wartości pomiarów, odpowiednio spadek masy ciała, niewielki spadek obwodu talii. Na podstawie Fullerton Functional Fitness test stwierdzono poprawę wyników wszystkich prób sprawności funkcjonalnej badanych kobiet. Wniosek:Zaobserwowano znaczną poprawę sprawności funkcjonalnej kobiet w wieku powyżej 60. roku życia po 16-tygodniowym Aqua aerobiku.
Introduction. The threshold of compulsory schooling for prematurely born children is of particular importance. It’s a period of intense physical development which may increase the risk of scoliosis. Aim. The aim of this research is to determine whether age, gender, BMI value and selected elements of perinatal interview discriminate the results of screening test aimed at detection of scoliosis and flexibility disorders in group of preterm children at the beginning of school age. Material and methods. The study population consisted of 61 preterm children aged 5-8 years. The study included perinatal interview, BMI assessment, screening tests to detect scoliosis and flexibility. Results. Statistically significant dependence was obtained between age and normal and abnormal results of the screening test aimed at detection of scoliosis and between the result of the screening test for detecting flexibility disorders and: age, number of foetuses, assessment on the Apgar scale. Conclusion. The results of screening test aimed at occurrence of scoliosis in group of preterm children are significantly correlated with the age and screening test aimed at occurrence of the flexibility disorders are discriminated by age, origin from monoor multi-foetus pregnancy and assessment on the Apgar scale
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