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Pomiar zmęczenia – przegląd narzędzi

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Chronic fatigue is a common symptom but a small investigated. Scientific interests of this problem increased significantly during the last two decades. The same a large number of instruments have been developed to measure chronic fatigue. The aim of this article is to present a review of fatigue measures. These are divided in three groups: scales for healthy people, scales for people with chronic fatigue syndrome, scales for patients with other chronic diseases. Each scale is described in followed aspects: structure, way of answering, interpretation, utility, modification and psychometric properties.
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The adolescent period is sometimes especially important when solving the adolescence crisis and forming a sense of identity. There are attitudes which are not conducive to this process, among other things, passive-dependent attitudes or magi thinking, which can be found in astrology. Dealing with astrology, may bring on many consequences both for the cognitive and emotional spheres. Meanwhile, one observes that adolescents are more and more interested in various forms of magic practice. Findings from empirical research on a group of adolescents dealing with astrology, allow to notice certain dangers connected with those practices, e.g. worse adjustment, lower level of inner integration, higher inner tension, lower emotional balance and others. Such symptoms point out that there are various emotional problems which make it difficult to solve the crisis of identity.
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Temperamentalne aspekty nieśmiałości u nastolatków

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The concept of shyness is being differently defined. Shyness is manifested in fearful inhibition of activity, especially in the presence of a larger group of people. This feeling seems to connected with the level of self-awareness and may be more intensive during adolescence. The majority of researchers perceives the genesis of shyness in environmental influences, mainly familial. Some of them think, however, that shyness is genetically conditioned and focus on the role of individual traits of the nervous system as a disposition for shyness to be formed. A question can be posed: what temperamental traits may be a predicate of shyness in teenagers? A hypothesis has been assumed that shy persons should be characterized by high emotionality indicator, mainly dissatisfaction and fear, low level and activity and sociability. At the same time the structure of temperament in shy persons should be essentially different from the structure of temperament in non-shy persons. The study has used the “Questionnaire for Pupils” by B. Harwas-Napierała (worked out by A. Kulik) and the Questionnaire of Temperament EAS by A. H. Buss ad R. Plomin in its version for adults. 204 subjects, aged 14-15, have been examined. The results of 171 subjects have been used in the study (18 shy subject, 32 non-shy subjects, 121 “average” subjects with regard to shyness). The analyses of results dealt with an analysis of the structure of temperament and intensity of its particular dimensions and the definition of this type of temperament. The results point to large differences between shy teenagers and their peers with regard to emotionality. The most characteristic trait of shyness is dissatisfaction, anxiety, susceptibility to frustration. Among the three types of temperament, what is characteristic of shy people is their emotionally excitable character, average motor activity, and moderate level of sociability.
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Sprawozdanie z VII Sympozjum Somatoterapii

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