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THE VOICE ONSET TIME IN POLISH AND ENGLISH: PERCEPTION EXPERIMENTS (Dlugosc czasu odsuniecia dzwiecznosci w jezyku polskim i angielskim. Badanie percepcji)

100%
Rojczyk A.
LingVaria : Półrocznik Wydziału Polonistyki UJ poświęcony zagadnieniom języka i językoznawstwa
|
2009
|
issue 1(7)
29-48
EN
The Voice Onset Time (VOT) introduced by Lisker and Abramson (1964) is defined as the single production dimension, the time interval between the release of a stop occlusion and the onset of vocal cord vibration. Languages generally fall into two of the three broad categories that show little cross-linguistic variation: voicing lead, short lag, and long lag. English and Polish exploit the VOT continuum differently. While English contrasts short lag vs. long lag for voiced and voiceless stops, Polish exploits voicing lead vs. short lag for its voiced and voiceless stops. This acoustic difference makes an interesting cross-linguistic scenario for perception studies in an identification paradigm. From a naturally obtained nonword keef, the author generated 8 stimuli with the VOT values of an initial stop ranging in 10ms-steps from 0 ms to +70 ms. These values span across the English VOT boundary which separates short lag (voiced) vs. long lag (voiceless) categories. In a forced-choice format, he asked two groups of subjects - native speakers of English and Polish beginner learners of English - to recognise and initial segment in each stimulus. The analysis of the results shows that the two groups performed differently in that native speakers categorised short lag into voiced /g/ and long lag into voiceless /k/. Polish subjects, on the other hand, did not exhibit a categorical shift from a voiceless into voiced category.
2

'BRAT ADAMA' VS 'BRATA DAMA': TEMPORAL PHONETIC PARAMETERS SIGNALLING WORD BOUNDARIES IN POLISH

100%
Rojczyk A.
Linguistica Silesiana
|
2009
|
vol. 30
59-74
EN
The paper presents the results of an acoustic analysis of temporal phonetic parameters cueing word boundaries in Polish. Durational variability has been well documented for different languages. Word-final lengthening, word-initial lengthening, and polysyllabic shortening, all predict that segments neighbouring a word boundary will differ in their durations however they differ in the direction such shortening or lengthening should take. In the present study, we obtained two Polish sequences 'brat Adama' versus 'brata dama' from 24 native speakers of Polish. The obtained results point to a complicated pattern of temporal variability caused by the boundary location in Polish.
3

RELEASE BURST IN POLISH HOMORGANIC STOP GEMINATES

100%
Rojczyk A.
Linguistica Silesiana
|
2008
|
vol. 29
75-86
EN
The paper endeavours to verify a commonly accepted observation that Polish homorganic stop geminates are unreleased. Fifteen Polish subjects participated in the experiment, producing stop geminates in different contexts specified for the place of articulation, articulatory tempo, and voiced-voiceless distinction. The collected samples were acoustically analysed for presence or absence of the release burst. The results do not corroborate a putative unreleased status of Polish homorganic stop geminates. They show, however, that the frequency of released geminates strongly depends on the place of articulation, with dental /t, d/ released most frequently. Voiceless stops tend to be more readily released than voiced stops, though this tendency is only close to significant. Moreover, a significant impact of the tempo of articulation on the occurrence of the release burst has been demonstrated for both voiced and voiceless stops - longer utterances are conducive to unreleased realisations of geminates.
4
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Phonetic imitation of t-glottaling by Czech speakers of English

51%
Šturm P., Przedlacka J., Rojczyk A.
Linguistica Pragensia
|
2022
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vol. 32
|
issue 1
142-165
EN
The paper focuses on the ability of Czech speakers to explicitly imitate native English realizations of the phoneme /t/ as [ʔ] (t-glottaling). In Czech, glottalization occurs as a boundary signal of wordinitial vocalic onsets. We hypothesize that this allows for a better imitative performance in the intervocalic context as compared to non-prevocalic contexts. However, an alternative hypothesis based on language-external facts (frequency in the learners’ English input) predicts the opposite pattern. Our experiment involves 30 participants in a shadowing task. In addition to words with /t/, words with /k/ are examined to establish if speakers can generalize to a phonologically similar category to which they have not been exposed. Speakers adapted their pronunciation after exposure to t-glottaling to some degree. Our hypothesis was confirmed for the shadowing task, while the alternative language-external hypothesis was confirmed for the post-test task, suggesting a different pattern of performance in terms of imitation versus learning.
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