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TRAUMATIC STRESS, ANXIETY AND EPILEPSY

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Bob P., Kukleta M., Jagla F.
Studia Psychologica
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2007
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vol. 49
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issue 2
127-133
EN
Recent findings indicate that the high arousal and/or anxiety during the traumatic events attract attention in an extreme degree and this shift of attention may produce the dissociative states. The important findings in the study of traumatic stress represent data that indicate common neurophysiological mechanisms of traumatic stress, anxiety and epileptogenesis. These findings imply that complex functions of cognitive-emotional integration are closely linked to the defective inhibitory functions and often lead to the temporo-limbic epileptiform abnormalities which may emerge as the symptoms of ictal temporal lobe epilepsy such as the somatic, sensory, behavioral and memory symptoms also in the nonepileptic conditions (the so-called complex partial seizure-like symptoms). In this study we have performed preliminary clinical examination in the epileptic patients with the aim to assess whether the so-called the complex partial seizure-like symptoms, are significantly related to dissociation, traumatic symptoms, anxiety and depression. The resuls indicate the significant differences of the psychodiagnostic measures between the epileptic patients and healthy control group. A very significant degree of psychopathology has been found in the patients included in the subgroup of the patients with a high level of the complex partial seizure-like symptoms. The data support the hypothesis that the symptoms of temporal lobe epilepsy in the epileptic patients display a relationship to the traumatic stress related symptoms and anxiety. This suggests a bidirectional relationship between traumatic stress-related hyperexcitability and increased stress susceptibility associated with the epileptiform abnormalities.
2

Kouření u adolescentů: Ověřování metodiky a základních teoretických předpokladů transteoretického modelu

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Svetlak M., Konecny S., Kukleta M.
Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)
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2007
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vol. 51
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issue 1
22-31
EN
The transtheoretical model describes how people change their behaviour. In their study, the authors followed this in smoking habit. The model relates the factors that take a significant share in the process of the change. The intervention flowing from the theoretical assumptions of the transtheoretical model requests measuring instruments which help to follow up and evaluate these factors and processes during the therapy oriented to the change of patterns of risk behaviour, in this case of smoking. The goal of the work was to verify the translation of the original method for smokers on selected sample of adolescents. The contemporary translation of the method consists from three parts: stages of change scale, the temptation scale, the decisional balance scale. The total number of persons in the sample was 646 secondary school students, among them 364 non-smokers and 282 current and former smokers. The authors succeeded to check out and verify the basic instrument, which is necessary for the preparation of future interventions, constructed on bases of the transtheoretical approach and to report on basic psychometric features of the current version of the questionnaire. The authors further succeeded to outline some specifics of smoking behaviour in Czech adolescents and to inform about methodological difficulties of the transtheoretical model.
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