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Understanding the Post-mortem Report

100%

Bila H. P., Roelofse C. J.

Internal Security

2015

vol. 7(2)

7-32

This study is concerned with how the post-mortem can be understood. It further outlines what the post-mortem reportis, and type of the information which can be obtained from it. These will assist the police investigators to handle murder casesin a professional way. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the existing manner in which police investigators in the SouthAfrican Police Service (SAPS) in the study area, use post-mortem reports in their investigations, with the intention of determiningits strengths and weaknesses, and considering how the usage can be improved. Secondly, the researcher wanted to explore howinvestigators use post-mortem reports as a source of information in their investigations. To accomplish this, the study focused onperusing international and national literature in an attempt to explore the field. The study wanted to reflect how the new researchknowledge applied in order to develop good practice in the field. This has been done by recommending new procedures to enhanceperformance and to improve the conviction rate in court cases.

A Comparative Study of Corruption and Government Efforts to Combat it Across Borders: the Case For South Africa and Serbia

81%

Roelofse C. J., Simonovic B., Potgieter P. J.

Internal Security

2014

vol. 6(2)

7-28

South Africa and Serbia are emergent democracies that both suffered under authoritarian governments and bothengaged in political violence to gain freedom. In the post-democratic dispensations in both countries, corruption, accompanied bynepotism, escalated to such an extent that it negatively impacts on social life and good order. The opportunity for a comparativestudy between the two countries is based on common ground embedded in quite a number of characteristics: oppressiveness,economic disparity and underdevelopment of certain population groups, misuse of powers by the ruling elite, impunity and apparentlack of political will to root out corruptive practices. The 2013-Corruption Perception Index ranked both countries 72nd out of 177countries according the prevalence of corruption with a CPI score of 42 out of 100 (0=most corrupt and 100=cleanest). Datareveal that both governments are not open and transparent enough and that freedom of the media is often impeded by formalproscriptions. The police and courts through bribery, followed by government officials involved in wrangling with state contracts,are singled out as the most corrupt institutions by both samples. Corruption is also rife when senior government appointmentsin are made and it transpires that not enough steps are being taken by both countries to counteract corruption. Apparently, corruptemployees gain impunity through protection by government officials. Whether any anti-corruption units would be successfulin their endeavours to root out corruption remains unfathomable because of political interference. Citizens are, however, thoroughlyaware of allegations made from time to time regarding the bribery of politicians and government officials. Corruption is tangentiallymore widespread among Serbian police and court officials compared to South Africa. The recently introduced hotline (0800-071-71)for corruption in the civil service next to speedy criminal trials may do much as preventitive measures.

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2 Roelofse C. J.

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1 Simonovic B.

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Understanding the Post-mortem Report

A Comparative Study of Corruption and Government Efforts to Combat it Across Borders: the Case For South Africa and Serbia